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Endocrine Abstracts (2019) 63 OC2.3 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.63.OC2.3

ECE2019 Oral Communications Diabetes 1 (5 abstracts)

Identification of oxygen-18 isotope of breath carbon dioxide as a non-invasive marker to distinguish type 1 and type 2 diabetes

Chiranjit Ghosh & Manik Pradhan


Satyendra Nath Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India.


Background: There is a pressing need to develop a new and an effective strategy for early detection of T1D and to precisely distinguish T1D from type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to find out the potential link between the erythrocytes carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and 18O-isotopic exchange of breath CO2 in T1D and T2D.

Methods: Fasting and post-dose breath and blood samples were collected simultaneously after ingestion of 75-gm normal glucose dissolved in 150-ml water. Blood samples were analysed to measure the CA activity. The breath samples were utilised to measure the carbon dioxide isotopes (12C16O16O, 13C16O16O and 12C16O18O) by a laser based high-precision carbon dioxide isotope analyzer.

Results: The CA activities are markedly altered during metabolism of T1D and T2D and this facilitates to oxygen-18 (18O) isotopic fractionations of breath CO2. In our observations, T1D exhibited considerable depletion of 18O-isotopes of CO2, whereas T2D manifested isotopic enrichments of 18O in breath CO2, thus unveiling a missing link of breath 18O-isotopic fractionations in T1D and T2D. The optimal diagnostic cut-off points were determined to be δDOB18O‰ =2.1‰ and ΔCA =3.15 U/min/mL for screening T1D and T2D individuals.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest the changes in erythrocytes CA activities may be the initial step of altered metabolism of T1D and T2D, and breath 18O-isotope regulated by the CA activity is a potential diagnostic biomarker that can selectively and precisely distinguish T1D from T2D and thus may open a potential unifying strategy for treating these disease.

Volume 63

21st European Congress of Endocrinology

Lyon, France
18 May 2019 - 21 May 2019

European Society of Endocrinology 

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