Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the most common cause of hypercalcemia, most cases with parathyroid adenoma as the underlying pathology. However, when blood and urine calcium levels and PTH are higher than normal in PHPT, t’s important to suspect an ectopic PTH secretion or a parathyroid carcinoma. Intrathyroidal parathyroid cysts are extremely rare cause of severe PHPT.Clinical case: A 36-year-old male presented with dizziness ...

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinomas are rare aggressive tumors. 36 % of patients with ACC have distant metastasis on presentation. Although lung metastasis are commonly seen in metastatic Adrenocortical carcinoma, cannonball pulmonary metastasis which are solid and well circumscribed parenchymal masses of variable size are rare and typically seen in Renal cell carcinoma and also in other cancers such as bone sarcomas. We report a case of functional Adrenocortical cancer wi...

Introduction: MTC accounts for 5% of thyroid cancers and can occur sporadically or as part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndrome (MEN 2). The objective of our study is to evaluate the prognostic factors and outcomes of patients with MTC in the community setting.Methods: Retrospective descriptive multicenter study of patients with histological diagnosis of MTC. Descriptive, bivariate analyses (Student t for cuantitative and ...

Maintenance of serum sodium and water balance is a key feature of normal physiology; mediated through the regulation of water intake and renal water loss. Adipsic and hypodipsic disorders are characterized by inadequate spontaneous fluid intake due to defects in osmo-regulated thirst. Patients deny thirst and do not drink, despite dehydration and hypovolaemia. The hypothalamic osmoregulation of thirst and Vasopressin (AVP) production are functionally linked, though anatomicall...

Diabetes Insipidus (DI) results from a relative or absolute deficiency in either the production or action of the posterior pituitary hormone Vasopressin (AVP), the principle endocrine regulator of renal water excretion. The challenges in DI encompass its diagnosis, its treatment and in managing the co-morbidities and complications of the condition. This presentation will cover all these elements, highlighting cases that illustrate some of the key principles in the clinical app...

Maintenance of serum sodium and water balance is a key feature of normal physiology; mediated through the regulation of water intake and renal water loss. Adipsic and hypodipsic disorders are characterized by inadequate spontaneous fluid intake due to defects in osmo-regulated thirst. Patients deny thirst and do not drink, despite dehydration and hypovolaemia. The hypothalamic osmoregulation of thirst and Vasopressin (AVP) production are functionally linked, though anatomicall...

Diabetes Insipidus (DI) results from a relative or absolute deficiency in either the production or action of the posterior pituitary hormone Vasopressin (AVP), the principle endocrine regulator of renal water excretion. The challenges in DI encompass its diagnosis, its treatment and in managing the co-morbidities and complications of the condition. This presentation will cover all these elements, highlighting cases that illustrate some of the key principles in the clinical app...

Hyponatraemia is common, present in some 15–20% of non-selected acute hospital admissions in the UK. Hyponatraemia is associated with increased mortality and morbidity across a range of medical problems; emphasising its importance. Despite these factors, the management of patients with hyponatraemia remains challenging. Early recognition of life threatening hyponatraemia (where action is required quickly) is critical. This situation is rare and requires a...

Hyponatraemia (serum Na+<135 mmol/l) is common. It is associated with increased mortality and morbidity across a range of clinical contexts. Despite this, it remains an area in which there is diverse practice. There are centre and speciality-specific approaches to diagnosis and management that reflect both the apparent absence of a clear evidence-base and differences in perceived clinical priorities.This presentation will focus on a number of key the...

The process of learning is an order-dependent process. It can be broken down into functional components: accessing information; assimilating that information as knowledge within a theoretical framework; and then being able to apply that knowledge in an appropriate context. There is nothing new in this. Indeed, the process of learning is part of our very nature. Generations of doctors have learned and taught; learned and taught some more; and learned and taught some more after ...