Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: The current estimate of prevalence of type I diabetes in children under 15 years in England and Wales is 187.7 per 100,000, with an estimated 31,500 children with diabetes under 19 years. It is a condition that is becoming increasingly common with 28.2 per 100,000 new diagnoses each year. Increasingly, management of these children is led by children and young people diabetes(CYPD) multi-disciplinary teams(MDT). As a result, despite better outcomes in diabetes car...

Discussion/Conclusion: Sexual & reproductive health are important areas to be considered in the care of young people with Type 1 diabetes remembering that risk-taking behaviour is more common in those with chronic conditions. Education and advice about sexual health & contraception should be provided taking into account any background cultural and religious differences. Adolescent girls with diabetes should be aware of the importance of a planned pregnancy and that ovu...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may be diagnosed in adult women using the Rotterdam criteria and includes the presence of at least two of the following:- androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, or polycystic ovaries on ultrasound scan. The diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents is challenging since these criteria may define normal pubertal physiological features. PCOS is a diagnosis of exclusion and investigation for other possible underlying pathologies, such as non-classical cong...

Girls with ovarian failure or delayed puberty may be treated with incremental doses of oestrogen to induce puberty. Transdermal natural oestradiol is more physiological than oral synthetic ethinyl oestradiol but it is unclear how effective it is for inducing puberty and whether it confers any benefit.The aims of the audit were to review whether transdermal oestradiol was effective in inducing puberty, the optimal dosing regimen, effects on breast develop...

Leri-Weill Dyschondrosteosis (LWD) is a skeletal dysplasia resulting in short stature and mesomelic limb-shortening; Madelung deformity of the wrist is often present. Mutation or deletion of the SHOX gene is the underlying cause of LWD. SHOX plays a role in regulating proliferation and maturation of chondrocytes. It is located in the pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosomes (Xp22.3/Yp11.3); males and females usually have 2 functioning copies. Turner synd...

A 27 year old, Caucasian female was admitted with vomiting and found to have severe hypocalcaemia. On clinical examination she had a normal stature, oval face; she was not brachydactylic and did not have dental hypoplasia. Biochemically she had serum Ca of 1.49 mmol/l (2.15–2.50), a high serum Phosphate of 1.50 mmol/l (0.9–1.45) and Vitamin D levels of 59 nmol/l (>50 sufficient for majority population). Her serum parathyroid hormone was elevated at 304.5 ng/l (15...

Objective: Based on recommendations from the Clinical Practice Guidelines committee group on management of adrenal incidentalomas our project aims to review whether patients found to have adrenal incidentalomas were managed as per recommendations of the committee as follows: If they had a 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test,were they tested for phaeochromocytoma, whether the investigations were used judiciously keeping in view patients co-morbid state, were any of th...

A 51-year-old gentleman underwent a thyroidectomy 7 years ago for a benign multinodular goitre. Unfortunately, as a consequence of the surgery he became hypocalcaemic secondary to hypoparathyroidism. He was commenced on calcichew 1 tablet daily, calcium carbonate ‘500’ twice daily, vitamin D injections and 1- alphacalcidol 1 mcg daily. Initially, his PTH remained detectable and therefore it was hoped there would be some recovery, but over time this was proven not to ...

Case History: Mr AT, a 54 year old male was referred by his GP in 2019 with a two year history of raised calcium. He initially sought medical attention for pain radiating from the left buttock to the knee. He had a background of hypertension and pre-diabetes and was on Nifedipine LA 3 mg OD and Furosemide 20 mg OD. He denied headaches, insomnia, concentrating problems, constipation, polyuria and polydipsia. He had no history of fractures nor renal stones. He was a non-smoker a...

Background: Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder resulting in the inability to breakdown medium-chain fatty acids to provide energy during periods of low-calorie intake and hypoglycaemia (infections, fasting, vomiting). Without urgent treatment, the accumulation of toxic fatty acids leads to encephalopathy and sudden death.Pregnant females with Type 1 diabetes requ...