Endocrine Abstracts

Background: GLP-1 analogs are prescribed for diabetes and obesity due to their well-known insulinotropic, satiation-promoting and appetite-suppressant effects. Several studies also investigated the effects of GLP-1 analogs on reward to addictive drugs such as alcohol, nicotine and cocaine. Pre-clinical studies suggest that sexual desire, as another type of natural reward, could also be affected by GLP-1 analogs. Since sexuality is a very important aspect of human wellbeing and...

Background: Research indicates that prolactin, a hormone linked to lactation, may influence the brain’s reward system by interacting with dopamine. GLP-1 analogues, prescribed for diabetes and obesity, are known for their appetite-suppressant effects. With GLP-1 receptors found in mood and reward-related brain regions, a potential role of GLP-1 in reward regulation is suggested. A knowledge gap exists regarding the interaction between GLP-1 and prolactin in the context of...

Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic non communicable diseases and plays a central role in the insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome, which includes hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and an increased risk of adult onset obesity and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (1). Insulin resistance is a state in which a given concentration of insulin produces a less than expected biological effect. The metabolic syndrome is a cluster...

Background: Topical corticosteroids (TCs) are widely used as depigmenting agents alone or in combination with other fairness creams. However, its use may cause secondary adrenocortical insufficiency.Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between practice of whitening creams (Topical Corticosteroids) and serum cortisol level in a sample of healthy females at Ain- shams University hospital.Methods: We...

BackgroundType 2 diabetes has traditionally been considered a disease affecting older age groups. In recent years, however, Type 2 diabetes has become increasingly common in children, adolescents and young adults.Aim of the workTo estimate the prevalence of T2D among a sample of Egyptian youth aged (18–30) and to highlight the challenges in differentiating T1D from T2D in early onset diabetes depending o...

Background: Current criteria for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are limited by their nonspecificity (serum bicarbonate [HCO3] and pH) and qualitative nature (the presence of ketonemia/ketonuria). A new method is now available to measure capillary levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta -0HB), It is a quantitative and enzymatic test that uses the same equipment as for home capillary blood glucose determination but with specific strips. Aim of the work: The aim of thi...

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is a group of inflammatory thyroid disorders with either hyperthyroid, euthyroid or hypothyroid state. The aim of this study is to detect the subclinical thyroiditis among the Egyptians type 1 diabetic patients and to study the relation of the thyroid antibodies to different metabolic control indices of diabetes. The study group consisted of 50 type 1 diabetic patients aged from 8 to 18 years. They were selected from the out-patient daily clinics o...

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multi system disease with both biochemical and anatomic/structural consequences. A number of components of the metabolic syndrome may be observed in patients with type 1 diabetes. It was suggested that treating obese adolescents with insulin resistance using metformin is an option for patients without response to traditional lifestyle change. It was reported that fetuin-A could inhibit insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and induced a l...

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common disorder, with a prevalence of approximately 5% and incidence of approximately 250/100,000 per year in the adult population, but both prevalence and incidence keep raising. Refractory hypothyroidism is defined by persistent TSH increase despite the administration of supra physiological weight-based dose of levothyroxine, which is usually >1.9ug/kg/d in patients with primary hypothyroidism.Aim of the Work: To com...

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is the most aggressive thyroid cancer with a median survival of about 6 months. So far, no therapies offering a survival benefit are established. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. In general, genetic alterations leading to ATC increase PI3K and MAPK/ERK signaling and include mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases and tumor suppressor genes. They often occur together with the loss of P53, the most prevalent mutation in human A...