Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: The aim of the study is to describe the prevalence of hyperlactatemia and changes in lactate concentrations in critically ill patients, and the associated mortality. Materials and methods: The study included 70 patients treated in the Medical Intensive Care Unit at the Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, in a 6–month period. The following data were obtained: age, gender, reason for admission, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Ac...

Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient of vital importance to human health. It acts as an antioxidant, immunomodulator and also it is involved in the control of specific endocrine pathways. In adults, the thyroid is the organ with the highest amount of selenium per gram of tissue. The literature suggests that selenium supplementation of patients with Hashimotos thyroiditis is associated with a reduction in antithyroperoxidase antibody levels. Selenium supplementation also in mild Gr...

Resistance to newly developed androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), such as abiraterone and enzalutamide, rapidly emerges and patients generally die within 2 years. In particular, a subset of patients who relapse following ARPI therapy exhibit lineage switching whereby tumours shed their dependence on AR signaling and emerge with neuroendocrine features. These tumours, termed treatment induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t-NEPC), carry an extremely poor prognosis a...

Lineage plasticity has been postulated to contribute to the failure of targeted- and immuno-therapies. In prostate cancer (PCa), the discovery that advanced metastatic castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) classified as adenocarcinoma remains fueled by the androgen receptor (AR) has ushered the development of potent AR pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), notably abiraterone and enzalutamide undoubtedly benefiting the survival of patients with advanced disease. However, a subset of patients ...

Introduction: The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of women. Its clinical manifestations are characterized by infertility, hirsutism and obesity. We report two cases of PCOS but with different signs revelations.Observation 1: 23 year old patient presenting with metabolic syndrome, with dysmenorrhea, after investigation, diagnosis of type two diabetes with PCOS.Observation 2: Patient aged 35 yea...

Introduction: Diabetes is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer and recent studies confirm this relationship. We report the case of a patient in whom an inaugural diabetes mellitus revealed a malignant vaterian ampuloma.Observation: A 56-year-old woman with a family history of type 2 diabetes consults for suspicion of type 2 diabetes, polydipsic syndrome, and all-day hyperglycaemia greater than 2 g/dl. During the interrogation, there is a loss of appetite,...

IntroductionParathyroid diseases are infrequent during pregnancy, but produce significant perinatal morbidity and maternal mortality if not diagnosed and properly managed. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is a rare disease in women of childbearing age. The incidence of the disease is unknown, but it is certainly rare, and most of the reported cases have been simple supplemented by a review of the literature.Case presentation<p...

29 year old African lady with a background of PCOS and type 2 diabetes, who was under the care of preconception clinic, presented to A&E with sudden onset headache associated with spontaneous closure of right eyelid. CT brain was suggestive of pituitary fossa lesion and pituitary MRI revealed pituitary necrosis. She was diagnosed with pituitary apoplexy and was commenced on appropriate hormone replacement. Examination revealed right complete third nerve palsy and reduced v...

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder that affects the lungs and the lymph nodes commonly. The involvement of the nervous system in this disease is infrequent with prevalence lower than 10%. The diagnosis could be challenging when the neurologic disease presents in a patient without previously known sarcoidosis.Case Report: A 39-year-old Caucasian gentleman was brought to the Emergency department with a one week’s history ...

Introduction: Anti-thyroid drugs like Carbimazole and Propylthiouracil are widely used in the management of hyperthyroidism. These medications are associated with a spectrum of cutaneous, hematologic, teratogenic and hepatobiliary adverse effects.Case Report: A 65-year-old lady, known to have asthma on inhalers as needed and no history of allergies. She was diagnosed with Graves’ thyrotoxicosis after she presented to her General Practitioner with mo...