Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Atypical parathyroid adenoma (APA) is a difficultly diagnosed tumor, including some histological features of parathyroid carcinoma (PC). In literature, no definite criteria are considered to be present to distinguish preoperatively APA from PC. It is difficult to distinguish APA and PC intraoperatively. Our report, a case applying with high levels of calcium (Ca) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and diagnosed with APA was presented.Cas...

Objective: To evaluate the relation of mean platelet volume (MPV) levels with serum paraoxonase-1 activity in diabetic patients with respect to obesity and diabetic complications.Methods: A total of 201 diabetic patients grouped with respect to obesity obese (n=89) and non-obese (n=112) and diabetic complications with (n=50) or without (n=150) microvascular complications and with (n=91) or without (n=...

Introduction-aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a clinical condition of uncertain etiology, in whose pathogenesis several mechanisms are involved and which is defined by fat vacuoles in more than 5% of hepatic histiocytes in the absence of serious alcohol consumption. It is frequently comorbid with obesity and insulin resistance. However, NAFLD is also seen in non-obese individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare insulin resistance and metabolic parame...

Purpose: The aim of diabetes management is to prevent the micro/macrovascular complications. We have designed a quality improvement project to monitor how we are doing in term of glycaemic control and overall management of diabetes in our out-patient facility and how can we improve the outcome further.Methods: Parameters checked (HbA1C, blood pressure, lipid profile, annual fundus examination, podiatry, urine for ACR). Retrospective study of 112 patients...

Gynaecomastia is the proliferation of the male breast glandular tissue and should be distinguished from lipomastia (weight-related fat deposition, also known as pseudogynaecomastia). The development of subareolar ductular tissue and fibrosis in gynaecomastia produces a firmer consistency compared to adipose tissue, which can be differentiated on examination. Gynaecomastia is common and can affect up to two-thirds of adult men. Typically, gynaecomastia arises from an imbalance ...

Estrogen receptors (ER) are expressed in the majority of breast cancers, are key drivers of breast cancer development and progression and hence therapies to inhibit their activities are a mainstay of treatment for breast cancer. A large proportion of patients develop resistance to these therapies, so determining the mechanisms of ER action is important for improving patient management and for identifying new therapies. In defining the mechanisms by which ER regulates gene expr...

Oestrogens promote breast cancer development and progression by binding to the oestrogen receptors. Oestrogen receptor-alpha (ER) is a transcription regulatory protein that is activated upon binding oestrogen and acts by controlling gene expression in breast cancer cells and is the target for endocrine therapies that inhibit its activity by competing with oestrogen for binding to ER (anti-oestrogens) or by inhibiting oestrogen biosynthesis (aromatase inhibitors). These therapi...

Introduction: An overview of a 14-year-old Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient who was subjected to steroid treatment and suffered greatly as a result. This case study illustrates how management effects can occasionally have a negative impact on our bodies via the lens of a patient. This event also shows that what’s important to patients might not always be the same as what’s important to medical professionals.Case hist...

In the presented case, an 85-year-old female patient with bipolar disorder exhibited significant endocrine complications, including hyperparathyroidism and diabetes insipidus, which were strongly associated with long-term lithium therapy. The resolution of these complications following the discontinuation of lithium and the transition to an alternative mood stabilizer underscores several important clinical implications. Firstly, this case highlights the need for vigilant monit...

A 65-year-old lady who was known to hypothyroidism and was treated with Levothyroxine 100microgram once daily for more than 20 years presented to the endocrine clinic with symptoms and signs of thyrotoxicosis. Apart from Levothyroxine, she was taking over-the-counter multivitamins and Vitamin D. Visual fields were full to confrontation and there was no goitre. Thyrotoxicosis was confirmed biochemically and levothyroxine was stopped. Despite being off Levothyroxine for more tha...