Endocrine Abstracts

Objective: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and thyroid diseases are common in the general population. It is difficult to establish whether they occur in the same patient because of a direct relationship or just due to the widespread prevalence of both conditions. The reported prevalence of the concomitant occurrence of these two clinical conditions is widely scattered (ranging 17–84%), especially due to the heterogeneous criteria for patient selection. We aimed to eval...

Introduction: National guidance recommends Level 3 carbohydrate counting (L3CC) is delivered within 2 weeks of diagnosis of Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) (NICE, 2015). This was introduced at Derbyshire Children’s Hospital in 2017. This service evaluation aimed to assess the impact of this on patients’ blood glucose, by recording HbA1c levels at quarterly intervals over 6 months. Methods: A comparison of quarterly HbA1c in children that receiv...

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism affects 0.3% of the general population1. 90% are due to single parathyroid adenoma1. Surgical treatment is the only definitive cure2. Improvements in imaging permit radiologists to better identify parathyroid adenomas1, enabling more targeted surgery1, thus shortening general anaesthesia, as well as lowering post-operative complication rates. Neck ultrasound (US) and parathyroid sc...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is the most common aetiology for hypercalcaemia. Its prevalence in pregnancy is reported to be between 0.15% and 1.4%[i][ii]. It presents a threat to the health of both mother (hyperemesis, nephrolithiasis) and foetus (foetal death, congenital malformations, neonatal severe hypocalcaemia induced tetany)[iii][iv]. However, there is a lack of clear guidance on management of primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy. We describe the ...

Background: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) has been identified as a tumour suppressor gene in pituitary gland, causing 10% of all familial isolated pituitary adenoma. Patients with heterozygous loss-of-function germline mutation of AIP develop young-onset growth hormone and/or prolactin-secreting pituitary tumours. Homozygous loss of AIP leads to embryonic lethality in several animal models (mouse, fruit fly, round worm). Mouse e...

Introduction: NICE recommends annual screening for diabetic retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes aged over 12 years and/or with duration of diabetes over 5 years. This audit aimed to evaluate patient attendance for retinopathy screening, to identify the prevalence of retinopathy and maculopathy and to ascertain characteristics of patients.Methods: This was a retrospective audit of patients attending for eye screening from January 2008 to April 20...

Background: An estimated 462 million individuals are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), corresponding to 6.28% of the world’s population. Many epidemiological studies have indicated that T2DM may be a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Whilst research suggests there are common molecular mechanisms underlying the conditions, studies investigating the epidemiological association have revealed conflicting res...

Introduction: Frimley Park Hospital, Surrey had been a negative HbA1c outlier for 3 consecutive years. The Children’s and Young People’s (CYP) diabetes team embarked upon the RCPCH National CYP Diabetes Quality Improvement (QI) Programme in November 2019. There was little qualitative data on ward nurse education, however, experience revealed engagement in staff training was the main barrier. Although regular education sessions were available to ward staff, attendance...

Erythrocytosis is a frequent adverse event associated with testosterone (T) administration in aged hypogonadal men, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. T administration to aged men reduced hepcidin (Hpc) levels, a cytokine regulating iron availability, suggesting a potential role in deregulated erythropoiesis. Aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of T replacement therapy on Hpc levels in young hypogonadal men.Methods: Fifty-...

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) is a highly expressed, evolutionary conserved little-known co-chaperone molecule that can bind to client proteins. Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of AIP are associated with pituitary adenomas. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that AIP has important functions beyond the pituitary gland. Homozygous loss of AIP is lethal, with cardiac abnormalities seen in mice and failure-to-thrive seen in fruit flies and C.elegans. ...