Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: To define the main predictors of metabolic control in children and adolescents and evaluate its improvement along the years.Methods: We included children and adolescents with 1DM, with more than two years of disease. Data were collected at 2005 and at 2012. Sex, age and severity at diagnosis, therapy in the last year, age at onset of multiple daily insulin injections (MDII) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), number of group educati...

The diagnosis of hypogonadism in a young person represents reduced sex steroid production and subfertility.Optimising sex steroid replacement both in terms of preparation and dose occurs after pubertal induction. Clinical practice has changed in the UK in respect to females. The management of subclinical hypogonadism and benefits of testosterone replacement in male cancer survivors and klinefelter syndrome remain unclear. The endocrinologist needs to nav...

The biggest achievement of bariatric surgery was to demonstrate that obesity co-morbidity improve or even reverse with long-term weight control. This evidence was achieved with the Swedish Obesity Study for mortality and diabetes incidence.Diabetes resolution rates range from 55 to 96% depending on the surgical procedure and length of follow-up. Diabetes improvement or resolution almost reaching the 100%. The type of surgery seems to play a role in diabe...

The effects of cancer therapy on pituitary and thyroid function evolve over many years and therefore careful long term screening strategies are required. Knowledge of the initial cancer diagnosis, age at diagnosis, radiation field, radiation dose and duration of follow up can aid identification of survivors most at risk.Cranial irradiation to the hypothalamic pituitary axis increases the risk of pituitary dysfunction. The most common pituitary hormone to...

Introduction: Giant prolactinomas are rare tumours, representing 2–3% of all prolactin (PRL)-secreting tumours. Their definition is restricted to pituitary adenomas with a diameter ≥4 or ≥2 cm of suprasellar extension, very high PRL concentrations (≥1000 ng/ml) and no concomitant GH or ACTH secretion. They are more common in young to middle-aged men. Endocrine symptoms are often present for a long period of time, but most times the diagnosis is made when...

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) belongs to the most common endocrine disorders. It is increasingly reported in patients without any symptoms and hypercalcemia. In the 3rd international workshop on asymptomatic PHPT (Orlando 2008) the normocalcemic PHPT was recognised as a stand-alone entity that needs more attention.Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyse data from patients with normocalcemic asymptomatic PHPT and to create an effective source da...

Introduction: Obese patients are at an increased risk of develop nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Evidence supports that bariatric surgery might have an important impact on hepatic profile in obese adults. Literature suggests that bariatric surgery in adolescents might decrease the prevalence of some comorbidities, but information about its impact on liver profile and steatosis and fibrosis risk remains scarce.Aim: To evaluate the impact of bariatric su...

Introduction: Thyroid hormones play a central role in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is responsible for more than 50% of all heart failure cases and its main pathophysiological alteration is diastolic dysfunction. Diminished thyroid function is known to predominantly impair diastolic function, however the thyroid hormone status in HFpEF remains largely unknown.Methods: We evaluated an a...

Introduction: Functional islet β-cell tumours represent 1–2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Diagnosing this type of tumour is often challenging because they present with unspecific clinical features overlapping more common syndromes. Diagnosis involves expensive testing, so, establishing whipple’s triad and excluding causes of exogenous hyperinsulinaemia is crucial before initiating investigation.Objective: To report a rare case of a proinsu...

Introduction: Several studies have suggested an association of thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels within the reference range with morbidity and mortality in the general population. Low free triiodothyronine (FT3) has also been associated with a poor prognosis in several conditions. However, the association between FT3 levels within the reference range and the risk of mortality in the general population remains uncertain.Methods: We evaluat...