Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is the most frequent cause of diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP). Although the specific alterations of DEP are not completely understood, individuals with DEP are considered affected by pancreatic endocrine insufficiency and treated with insulin. To investigate the functional alterations of DEP, we evaluated differences in glucose metabolism in patients with and without CP, classified according to their glucose tolerance (NGT, IGT, DM...

The Barraquer-Simons syndrome is a rare form of partial symmetric lipodystrophy with involvement of the face and upper body, of unknown cause, characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat in the face and started stretching for the upper body.Case report: Female patient, 26 years old, presenting morphologic change in facies, chest, upper limbs, lower limbs and abdomen since she was 10 years old. Last year, she has increased weight at 30%, with apparent muscl...

Background: The relationship between energy balance and reproduction is U-shaped, meaning that both a negative and a positive energy balance have a detrimental effect on reproductive function. In a world increasingly burdened by the growing prevalence of obesity, we turned our attention to the negative extremity of weight, by exploring anorexia nervosa (AN) and constitutional thinness (CT) metabolic and reproductive features. Kisspeptin (kiss-1) is a relatively recently discov...

Dopamine agonists (DA), mainly cabergoline, are nowadays recommended as the treatment of choice for patients with prolactinomas of any size to lower PRL levels, decrease tumour size, and restore gonadal function. However, some patients do not adequately respond to DA, and resistance to DA may occur in 20-30% of patients treated with bromocriptine and nearly 10-20% of those receiving cabergoline. In these patients, multimodal therapy, including surgery and/or radiotherapy, may ...

Introduction: Organ transplant recipients are at increased fracture risk compared to general population. Bone mineral density (BMD), predictive of fracture in general population, does not reflect impaired bone quality frequently present in patients with advanced organ failure. Trabecular bone score (TBS) provides surrogate measures of bone microarchitecture and therefore helps to identify persons at risk for fracture among transplant recipients.Methods: ...

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a main serine/threonine protein kinase in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/p70S6K signalling pathway, is an important intracellular mediator involved in multiple cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and also longevity.Recent studies indicate that mTOR is central in the integration of a multitude of signalling pathways activated by growth factors ...

Introduction: Short stature is a common reason for pediatric endocrine evaluation and it can have a variety of causes, including constitutional, genetic short stature, dysmorphic syndromes, chronic illnesses and also endocrine disorders. Growth hormone deficiency accounts for 8% of the cases and it can be isolated or associated with other pituitary hormones deficiencies, congenital or acquired, such as in central nervous system tumors.Case report: A 15-y...

Glucagonoma is an exceptional tumor but malignant in 80% of cases. Characteristic signs (migrating necrotic erythema, loss of weight) are connected with glucagon secretion, therefore variable. In this case report, the connection with pre-existent diabetes seems fortuitous.Case report: Mr L, 60 years old, sent in November 2007 for type 2 diabetes 15 years old, unbalanced (HbA1C: 13%), treated by metformin and sulfonylurea, neglected. There is a polyneurop...

Introduction: Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death 1(PD-1) antibody, is used to treat several malignancies refractory to standard chemotherapy. While highly effective at prolonging patient survival, these agents can induce a wide range of endocrine immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including hypophysitis, thyroid dysfunction, and, uncommonly, type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Here we describe a rare case of PD-1 inhibito...

Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19), enters host cells via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Its expression is higher in thyroid gland than in lungs. In the literature, an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and subacute thyroiditis/autoimmune thyroid disease has been implicated. Therefore, we aimed to explore the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of subacute th...