Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children with type 1 diabetes. In the past few years, both the International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) and the British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (BSPED) have recommended key changes in the management of DKA. These changes incorporate new evidence to reduce the incidence of cerebral oedema and the increased use of insulin pumps.</p...

Introduction: Guidance on the management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has recently been updated in an effort to reduce the risk of complications, in particular, cerebral oedema. However, differences in recommendations for children and adults persist making the care of teenagers with DKA confusing and potentially hazardous.Aims: To compare the management of DKA in teenage patients in paediatric and adult care settings in the context of the latest nation...

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common muscular dystrophy, resulting in death at a young age. Corticosteroids improve muscle function and slow disease progression. However long-term steroid therapy is a significant risk factor for osteoporosis.Aim: To assess the effect of oral bisphosphonate (risedronate) treatment on bone mineral density in a cohort of steroid-treated children with DMD.Method: Annual bone...

A 56 year old man with history of Hypertension, “Pre-diabetes” and Osteoarthritis was noted to have a low morning Cortisol of 31 nmol/l at 0912 hrs and <28 nmol/l at 0741 hrs on the first and 4th postoperative days respectively following a left total knee replacement. His regular medications were Amlodipine 5mg OD, Ramipril 5mg OD, Bisoprolol 3.75mg OD, Atorvastatin 20mg HS, Gabapentin 100mg TDS. Post operatively he was also given Zomorph 10mg BD with Oramorph PR...

We describe a 82 year old patient with background history of thyrotoxicosis (had total thyroidectomy), primary hyperparathyroidism (had parathyroidectomy 12 years back at another hospital – two glands removed). She was on L-thyroxine, alfacalcidiol 1 μg/day and CaCO3 500 mg BD. She remained stable for 7 years on this cocktail. In February 2017, she was admitted with acute confusion and was found to have adjusted ca level of 4.57 with AKI, no...

: 39Y old male who was originally treated as child with CAH secondary to 21-Hydroxylase deficiency and was put on glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids from first week of life due to salt wasting crises. He has had very high 17-OH progesterone and adrenal androgen due to noncompliance. He developed polycythemia secondary to androgen excess, resulted in venesection. Haematologist have investigated the mutation and EPO measurement and he felt that this was probably secondary po...

This is the case 32y old Asian lady, who first presented to her GP in October 2013 with weight loss, palpitations and fatigue and found to have overactive thyroid. She has not experienced any neck pain or systemic illness. She has some neck tenderness but not goitre or any extra-thyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease, hence the thyroid nucleotide scan was requested. His scan was consistent with thyroiditis. By January 2014 her thyroid function test normalized with TSH...

Background: PCOS women usually have metabolic disturbances particularly insulin resistance. Previous studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to the development of insulin resistance. Our aim is to study the effect of vitamin D supplementation on clinical and biochemical parameters in vitamin D deficient PCOS women.Methods: At baseline, 50 PCOS women were enrolled (37 vitamin D deficiency and 13 vitamin D sufficiency). Thirty-seven PCOS w...

Background: Immunotherapy has become one of the standard interventions to treat various malignancies and auto-immune conditions with favourable responses to the treatment. However, the immune related adverse events of these medications are diverse which may include a variety of endocrinopathies, like Hypo cortisol, Hypophysitis, hypo and hyperthyroid states.Case report: A 62 year old female with a background of Metastati...

Background: Dyshormonogenetic goiter and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are amongst the commonest causes of hypothyroidism in children and adolescents Worldwide. But, the genetic basis and their hypothyroid phenotypes are under-reported, especially from developing countries. In this context, we screened for dyshormonogenetic mutations in hypothyroid children with dyshormogenetic goiter (DH) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).Material and methods: In thi...