Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Liver metastases occur in about 40–85% of patients with neuroendocrine tumours (NET). NET usually run a rather indolent course but the 5-year survival is about 40% in patients with liver metastases versus 75–99% in subjects free of hepatic lesions. The most effective management and timing of treatment for patients with surgically unresectable metastases remains still unsettled.Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and clinic...

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Background: RhGH treatment in adults with childhood onset growth hormone deficiency (COGHD) affect bone metabolism over time according to gender and age. A long-term study of bone mass density (BMD) in young-middle age hypopituitary patients with COGHD may better highlight possible benefits of therapy and improve clinical follow up.Methods: We enrolled 40 adults (age range during follow-up: 16.8–36 years, F: 38%) with COGHD with at least 20 years o...

Introduction: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland causing over-production of thyroid hormone. Although this disorder can lead to systemic changes throughout the body, the most common extrathyroid manifestation of Graves’ disease is ophthalmopathy. Patients can have significant ocular prominence from the increase in intraconal and extraconal fat and muscular hypertrophy. This can lead to vision changes, decreased ocular motilit...

Introduction: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland causing over-production of thyroid hormone. Although this disorder can lead to systemic changes throughout the body, the most common extrathyroid manifestation of Graves’ disease is ophthalmopathy. Patients can have significant ocular prominence from the increase in intraconal and extraconal fat and muscular hypertrophy. This can lead to vision changes, decreased ocular motilit...

Background: Intranasal steroids are commonly used for allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps as they are considered safe in terms of long-term adverse effects profile due to favourable pharmacokinetic characteristics as compared to other oral and inhaled steroids. Some are also available over the counter without prescription.Case: We report a patient with iatrogenic Cushing”s syndrome and secondary adrenal insufficiency due to chronic in...

Hyponatremia due to water intoxication is often associated with mental disorders like schizophrenia and psychosis. Patients usually present with headaches, seizures and altered consciousness. The mainstay treatment in these cases is fluid restriction. A 31-year-old man was brought to the hospital following a fall and disorientation. He had a history of Schizophrenia which had been well controlled on risperidone. A few weeks before this presentation, he drank about 20 litres of...

Background: Glucose metabolism derangements (GMD) and thyroid nodules (TN) are the most frequent endocrine disorders. A relationship between these conditions has been suggested, but data are still controversial and no evidence was reported regarding sex differences.Aim: To evaluate the distribution of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and TN according to sex.<p cla...

BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent thyroid malignant neoplasm. American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines don’t specify how to follow-up low-risk PTC patients not receiving radioiodine therapy (RAI) after total thyroidectomy (TT). Indeed, there is no consensus among authors regarding the interpretation of thyroglobulin (TG) levels and ultrasound neck (US) findings during follow-up in these settings.<p class="abst...

A 41-year-old female was diagnosed with generalised seizures in 1984 and her EEG showed excess slow wave activity in the temporal region. She was commenced on carbamazepine. In 2005 she was diagnosed to have a bipolar affective disorder for which olanzapine was added.She was found to be hypocalcaemic with corrected calcium of 2.08 mmol/l in 2005 after sustaining a right undisplaced distal radial fracture following a seizure. She was empirically commenced...