Endocrine Abstracts

Leptin, a key metabolic signal controlling both energy intake and energy reserves, informs the brain about energy stores of the body to initiate reproductive processes at puberty. Thyroid hormones are important determinant of overall energy expenditure, basal metabolic rate and thermogenesis. The present study examined the relationship between leptin and thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in boys (n=540) between the age of 1 and 20 years. B...

Case history: A 30-year-old Afrocaribbean lady with a history of Graves’ thyrotoxicosis (2012) and subsequent thyroidectomy (2013) presented to the antenatal clinic in January 2020 at 9+6w gestation. Medication included levothyroxine 125 mg daily. She had a history of neonatal thyrotoxicosis in her first pregnancy in 2017 which required carbimazole therapy due to fetal tachycardia.Investigations: At booking, thyroid function tests (TFTs) showed a TS...

Gums inflammation (gingivitis) if not treated on time and permitted to grow, ends into periodontitis in which alveolar bone that supports teeth is invaded and destroyed. Juvenile periodontitis is a genetic disorder and can occur without plaque and calculus. It is a disease of people below 30 years of age.Subjects and methods: This cross sectional study involved a total of 160 subjects including 80 chronic periodontitis patients and 80 healthy controls be...

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects 1 in 15 people in the U.K, ischaemic damage is predominant and caused by hypoxia. The physiological response to hypoxia is an increase in the transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, which results in reduced oxygen consuming. Previously we have demonstrated that the diabetic heart fails to respond to hypoxia and the aim of this work was to determine if a similar effect was seen in the kidney. HEK293T cells were incubated for 8h...

Increased fatty acid (FA) concentration is implicated in the development of insulin resistance (IR) in tissues such as the kidney. Research indicates the protective role of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonists; GLP-1 (7-36) amide and incretin mimetic; liraglutide, against IR. We aimed to induce IR in HEK293T cells, using the three most abundantly consumed FAs; palmitate, oleate, and stearate, or in a combination termed POS. This model was used to assess the extent o...

Background: Post-operative hypoparathyroidism is a known complication of total thyroidectomy. It can either be transient or long-term requiring lifelong treatment. Delayed presentation of hypoparathyroidism occurring after several years of surgery is rare, with only a few cases reported in literature but can be life-threatening.Presentation: We report a case of a 70-year-old female presenting with features of hypocalcaemia (tinnitus and tingling in her f...

Case History: Patient 1: A 44 years old gentleman with BMI of 44.7 was referred to the weight management clinic for the management of obesity. His weight was in obesity range since childhood and he reported excessive tiredness and lethargy. He also had history of anxiety and depression. Examination showed lack of body hair, reduced muscle mass and small testes. Patient 2: A 48 years old lady was referred to the endocrinology clinic for incidental adrenal adenoma. She reported ...

Background: Recent NICE guidance recommends radioactive iodine as the first line treatment for relapsed thyrotoxicosis as it reportedly produces better control than long-term anti-thyroid drugs (ATDs).However, almost all studies of long-term ATDs relapse occurs after discontinuation of a medication. We present a retrospective analysis of efficacy of ATDs. Methods: Data of all patients with hyperthyroidism, attending Endocrinology clinic at Morriston Hosp...

The amount of radioactivity given to patients undergoing ablation for remnant tissue in thyroid cancer at our centre has been greatly reduced to 1100 MBq I-131 in recent years, prompting a review of practice. An extensive risk assessment, focusing particularly on radiation exposure to the public during the patient’s commute home was conducted and found patients could now be discharged safely on the day of treatment. Owing to these findings and audit showing 86% of patient...

Objectives: Thyroid cancer long-term treatment requires suppression of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels to below normal range based on risk stratification of the patient at time of diagnosis. This audit aimed to assess the practicality of implementation of the guideline recommendations of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) for target TSH levels in high, intermediate and low risk thyroid cancer patients. It also aimed to identify whether lack of implementation of th...