Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a rare condition affecting children, potentially life-threatening. Autoimmune adrenalitis accounts for 15% of all cases of primary adrenal insufficiency in pediatric age. Most symptoms are usually unspecific, making the diagnosis quite challenging.Objective: The aim of the study was to describe clinical presentation, biochemical abnormalities, treatment and the clinical course of patients with autoimmune AI.<...

Background: Ferroptosis is an emerging form of regulated necrotic cell death characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) cells have been shown to be highly susceptible to ferroptosis caused by active steroid hormone synthesis. While therapeutic activation of ferroptosis has been proposed as a novel treatment strategy, its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remains elusive. Macrophages are an important TIME component and modulat...

Background: An increasing number of people with type 1 diabetes (TlD) have co-existing insulin resistance (IR). Our goal was to investigate whether IR is associated with continuous glucose monitor (CGM)-derived parameters (glucometrics) such as time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR) and glycaemic variability (CV).Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of two separate clinical studies (NCT0...

Context: Patients with primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH) usually present with bilateral benign adrenocortical macronodules at imaging and variable levels of cortisol excess. There is anecdotal evidence that, besides cortisol, other adrenal steroids, like mineralocorticoids, can be oversecreted.Objective: To assess the prevalence, clinical, biochemical characteristics and imaging features of aldosterone excess leading to pr...

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with high recurrence and poor prognosis. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway that is associated with tumour progression in several cancers. To date, evidence on the prognostic value of LDH in ACC is limited.Aims: To assess the impact of LDH in disease-free survival (DFS) in operated ACC.Materials and methods: Retrospective cohort study ...

Introduction: Therapy with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ) constitutes a rare but documented cause of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic adults. The physiopathological mechanism is not fully understood, and symptoms may appear several years after starting treatment. In this paper, we describe the clinical presentation and investigation of a case of hypoglycemia attributed to HCQ therapy. Clinical Case: A 60-year-old female patient was referred fo...

Introduction: Bariatric surgery continues to stand as the most effective therapeutic intervention in treating severe obesity. However, a portion of patients experiences less satisfactory outcomes, diminishing the overall beneficial impact of this intervention. Identifying predictive factors for unsatisfactory responses to bariatric surgery could represent a crucial step in evaluating candidates, enabling the establishment of personalized care.Methods: Re...

Background: Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome characterised by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion from malignant cells. This can in turn result in overstimulation of the adrenal cortex and adrenal cortical hyperplasia. Resulting hypercortisolism can lead to a host of complications for the patient, including hypertension and hypokalaemia. The aim of this cadaver report is to discuss an unusual case of metastatic lung cancer, presenting with ...

Introduction: Cushing syndrome is a complex disease with multisystemic manifestations. It includes skin and connective tissue abnormalities, in which glucocorticoids reduce the synthesis and production of collagen, resulting in skin thinning, subcutaneous vascular tissue frailty and mucocutaneous bleeding. Case report: A 59-year-old woman with history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and chronic kidney disease, was admitted to the ...

Introduction: Transgender people are a population affected by a variety of negative health indicators. Studies report, among other conditions, a high prevalence of mental health problems, however, long-term longitudinal follow-up studies are scarce.Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the quality of life (WHOWOL-BREF scale), self-esteem (RSES scale), levels of anxiety (GAD-7 scale) and depression (PHQ-9 scale) of transgender people attended at t...