Endocrine Abstracts

A 37-year-old woman presented to ED with abdominal bloating and pain. Ultrasound abdomen showed a viable single intrauterine pregnancy at 24 weeks of gestation. Patient was surprised of the diagnosis as she had longstanding premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). She had stage 3B Hodgkin’s disease (HD) diagnosed at 14 years of age when she had BEAM chemotherapy (Carmustine, Etoposide, Cytarabine and Melphalan) followed by autograft bone marrow transplant for recurrent dise...

Background: Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the gold-standard for localizing the site of autonomous aldosterone production in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). The procedure is technically challenging with a reported success rate of 50-95%.Aim: To audit the success rate of AVS at a regional referral unit.Standards: No set standard exists. 80% success rate was taken as the minimum acceptable standard for a tertiary referral c...

A rare complication of thyrotoxicosis among Asians is Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis (TPP), with an incidence of approximately 2% in patients with thyrotoxicosis from any cause. TPP is characterized by sudden onset of hypokalemia and muscle paralysis. Hypokalemia in TPP results from an intracellular shift of potassium induced by the thyroid hormone sensitization of Na+ /K+ −ATPase rather than depletion of total body potassium. Treatment of TPP includ...

Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) represents a mild or compensated form of primary hypothyroidism. Although the relationship between SH and lipid profile have been reported in several studies, the results are conflicting. The objective of the present study is to assess dyslipidemia among patients with SCH. Our study included 107 patients vs 108 sex matched controls. Clinical information and medical history were obtained through a questionnary from all SCH patients and normal co...

Background: The presence of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-independent Cushing syndrome that is associated with androgen hypersecretion is extremely rare in benign adrenal tumors. Precise recognition and management of this association will have a great impact on the management of such patient.Clinical case: We describe a case of a 35-year-old lady who presented with 2 years history of difficult-to-control hypertension, symptoms of androgen excess alo...

Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcaemia (ADH) type 1 is caused by activating mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene. Although a rare condition, the exact prevalence is uncertain as patients are asymptomatic and, historically, were sometimes diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism (HPT) due insensitivity of earlier PTH assays and failure to check urinary calcium. The consequences of an erroneous diagnosis of HPT in patients with ADH can be profound, as treatment with calcium ...

A 49-year-old lady was referred to the endocrine clinic for hypophosphataemia. Apart from tiredness, she had no other symptoms. Past medical history was significant for bronchiectasis, obstructive sleeps apnoea, caudaequina syndrome, migraine and anxiety. She had frequent hospitalisations due to bronchiectasis exacerbations requiring systemic steroids. Usual medications included azithromycin, gabapentin, omeprazole, antacids, laxatives, carbocisteine, fluoxetine, montelukast, ...

Objectives: to evaluate the clinical and biochemical effects of (SGLT2) inhibitors as a fourth oral anti-diabetic drug in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Patients (Materials) and Methods: In a tertiary hospital in Karachi, Pakistan, a retrospective assessment of patient medical records was conducted from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020.A total of 100 patients (mean age [Standard Deviation]: 53.8 [9.63] years) with poorly controlled T2D...

Context: Pheochromocytoma and Paragangliomas (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors with a strong genetic background. In this report, our objectives are to understand the molecular genetics and the genotype/phenotype correlation of these tumors in the highly consanguineous population of Saudi Arabia. Patients and methods: We studied 88 patients with PPGL and no known family history of these tumors. We extracted DNA from peripheral leucocytes and performed...

A male with classical salt-wasting congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH; 21-hydroxylase deficiency) who was diagnosed in infancy and had normal pubertal growth and development attended the endocrine department for routine follow up in June 2019 (age 26). His current daily medications are hydrocortisone 10 mg on waking, 5 mg at 4 pm and fludrocortisone 200 mg once daily. He also has injectable hydrocortisone sodium phosphate 100mg for emergency use. Over recent years, he reports...