Endocrine Abstracts

Soy isoflavone daidzein exerts some beneficial effects in different ageing-related, chronic diseases and may represent a promising alternative to classical estrogenization of the prostate cancer suffering subjects. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of daidzein on the adrenocortical vascular network and hormonal output in a rat model of the mild andropause. Adult (3 months old) Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (SO; n=7), orchi...

The cholesterol oxidation product 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHC) is enzymatically produced from cholesterol by CYP27A1 in an alternative pathway of cholesterol degradation to bile acids. This oxysterol also acts as an endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). In healthy humans its concentration in circulation increases in hypercholesterolemia and with age, and is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases and breast cancer. Several...

Exercise training and liraglutide have been shown to be effective in promoting weight loss, improving glycemic control, and regulating blood lipid levels, especially in animal models and patients with obesity and diabetes. However, their combined effects on body composition, glucose, and lipid metabolism in healthy aging models have not been studied yet. In this study, we used apparently healthy middle-aged (16-month-old) female Wistar rats that underwent ovariectomy (Ovx) to ...

Thyroid C-cells, as a second type of endocrine cell population within thyroid, produce and secrete peptide hormone calcitonin (CT). This hypocalcemic hormone acts as an inhibitor of bone resorption. The aging is a complex process that alters various cellular functions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the aging-related changes in the structure and function of CT-producing thyroid C-cells in male Wistar rats, using histomorphometric, ultrastructural and biochemic...

Introduction: Falsely elevated serum chromogranin A (CgA) is associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors, the presence of renal impairment and systemic inflammation. We aimed to investigate which laboratory parameters are independently associated with increased CgA and to develop a nomogram, in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CgA in detecting patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NET).Methods: Our retrospective study included 155 subject...

Calcitonin (CT) is a hypocalcemic hormone produced by thyroid C-cells that acts as an bone antiresorptive agent. The other endocrine cell population in thyroid, called follicular cells produce thyroid hormones (TH) which also affect bone turnover. In this study, we evaluated the effects of salmon CT administration on structure and function of both CT and TH producing thyroid cells as well as trabecular bone microarchitecture in orchidectomized (Orx) middle-aged rats. Fifteen-m...

Hypercholesterolemia is associated with athero-thrombotic disease, a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Advances in both dietary and pharmacological interventions contribute to prevention and treatment of modifiable risk factors.Purified soybean phytoestrogens, isoflavones genistein (GEN) and daidzein (DAI), were reported to exert moderate cholesterol-lowering effect. In this research first we studied age-related modifications in hepatic cholesterol metabolism and serum est...

Aims: Diabetic ketosis (DK) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are known complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, DK and DKA have been described in T2DM. Referred to as ketosis-prone T2DM, this subtype of T2DM has been described in Hispanics and Afro-Americans of sub-Saharan Africa, but the incidence and pathogenesis remains unknown. We aimed to analyze characteristics of patients with diabetic ketosis (DK) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in Ca...

Introduction: Little is known about diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, the clinical impact of diabetic ketosis (DK) in T2DM is elusive. The aim of this study was to analyze characteristics and mortality of patients with DKA and DK and to identify possible prognostic factors.Methods: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study that included all patients with T2DM presenting to emergency department with DKA, ov...

Aging process is accompanied by structural and functional changes in different organs including bone and muscle tissues. Between these tissues there is a mutual interaction mediated by endocrine factors such as the peptide hormone osteocalcin, produced by osteoblasts. Since the skeletal muscles is composed of two basic fiber types, slow-twitch (type I) and fast-twitch (type II), the aim of this study was to examine the age-related changes in rat fast-twitch skeletal muscle fib...