Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Selenium (Se) is a crucial micronutrient for thyroid gland homeostasis. Acting through iodothyronine deiodinases, it regulates thyroid hormones synthesis and by glutathione peroxidases removes harmful free radicals. The Se role in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis is currently under investigation. Se supplementation decreases antithyroid antibodies during pregnancy, may prevent from postpartum thyroiditis and is approved for treatment of mild Graves’ opht...

Background: Selenium (Se) sufficiency is beneficial for thyroid metabolism and pregnancy course due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. As a part of selenoenzymes, it ameliorates autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) progression in mothers and provides proper neurogenesis in fetuses. Despite lacking or conflicting recommendations for its supplementation in pregnancy, Se is used in a clinical setting, as a common constituent of multivitamin pregnancy diet supplemen...

Enzymatic 5′- and 5-deiodination represent key pathways for local and systemic and local activation and inactivation of iodothyronines and iodothyronamines. Expression of the three respective deiodinases (DIO) is regulated by thyroid parameters, local and systemic inflammatory status as well as by selenium supply. In addition, the DIO isoenzymes are intended but also unanticipated target proteins of pharmacological, nutritive and environmental substances that might inter...

Introduction: Glucosinolates (GLS) are secondary plant metabolites found in members of families within the order Brassicales (e.g. broccoli, pak choi, cauliflower, kale, mustard or rapeseed), but they are also present in plants of Moringaceae (moringa) and Caricaceae (papaya). Some GLS-derived breakdown products, i.e. sulforaphane, were extensively studied for their beneficial effects on colon-cancer incidence. This preventive nutritional approach might require the prophylacti...

Selenium (Se) represents an essential trace element and acts as catalytic entity in thyroid hormone deiodinases (Dio), glutathione peroxidases or thioredoxin reductases. Se-deficiencies worsen a variety of conditions of which some display a sex-bias, including certain forms of cancer, autoimmune- and infectious diseases. Using C57BI/6 mice as model organism, we determined enzymatic activities and transcript levels of certain selenoproteins in various tissues. mRNA levels of th...

Selenium (Se) is indispensable for enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidases (GPx) involved in antioxidative defense and deiodinase isozymes (Dio) that control thyroid hormone (TH) action. Se deficiency can impact negatively on thyroid galnd funtioning and TH metabolism and thereby perturb development and metabolism. We have generated Se-deficient mice by genetic inactivation of Selenoprotein P (SePP), the main plasma Se carrier. SePP-KO mice display decreased serum and ...