Endocrine Abstracts

The endogenous growth hormone secretagogue (GHS), ghrelin, is an important regulator of energy homeostasis. Peripheral and central administration of ghrelin increase food intake, body weight and fat mass, effects which are mediated by the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a (GHS-R 1a). Although the central actions of ghrelin on adiposity have been extensively studied, the direct peripheral effects of ghrelin on adipose tissue remain poorly understood. This study aimed...

Introduction: Cushing’s disease (CD) and acromegaly, despite their different specific symptoms, often present psychopathology (mainly depression and anxiety) even after hormonal normalization. However, their psychopathological profiles may be different. The aim of this study was to analyse the psychopathological profile in successfully treated Acromegaly and CD, and to compare both diseases. Current hormonal evaluation and time since endocrine control will also be analyse...

Introduction: Most goitres are asymptomatic and do not require surgical intervention. Surgical management is recommended for goitres with compressive symptoms, suspected malignancy, drug-resistant hyperthyroidism, or retrosternal extension.Case: 63-year-old female with a background history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity (BMI 43 kg/m2) and possible obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), presented to Emergency Department following a one-minu...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental pollutants derived from the incomplete combustion of organic materials. In urban and industrial areas, level of pollution with these compounds is high, which leads to numerous negative health effects. Some literature data indicate the involvement of PAHs in the development of obesity, however, there is no data showing the distribution patterns of PAHs in human adipose tissue (AT) and their impact on the process o...

Introduction: A number of studies indicate the presence of a thyroid-gut axis and the important influence of the gut microbiota on thyroid function. As prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics show therapeutic potential in the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of their supplementation in patients with primary hypothyroidism.Material and methods: We searched electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL), registers of...

Pituitary adenomas (PA) comprise a commonly underestimated pathology in terms of incidence and associated morbi-mortality. Although somatostatin analogs and dopamine antagonists constitute the main medical treatments for PAs, an appreciable subset of patients are resistant or poorly responsive to these drugs and hence is crucial the search for new therapies. Biguanides such as metformin (MF; commonly used to treat type-2 diabetes), phenformin (PF) and buformin (BF) have been s...

Background: The alterations in collagen synthesis and connective tissue structure that occur in Ehlers–Danlos syndrome translate to an increased risk of bone mass loss and development of osteopenia and osteoporosis, which may be evaluated with bone turnover biomarkers. Some subtypes of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome are associated with structural alterations in the extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-X. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between ...

Herniation of the subarachnoid space into the sella turcica results in empty or partially empty sella syndrome. Primary sella turcica syndrome is idiopathic, whereas secondary empty sella is a result of central nervous system pathologies, which may manifest as visual disorders, due to optic chiasm compression or displacement. The purpose of this study was to determine whether empty and partially empty sella—either primary or secondary—are risk factors for optic chias...

Background: Bilateral total adrenalectomy (TA), despite causing persistent adrenal insufficiency with lifetime replacement of corticosteroids, is the method of choice in patients with bilateral pheochromocytoma. Partial adrenalectomy (PA) is an alternative approach that aims to balance tumor removal while maintaining adrenal function, although the oncological completeness of the procedure is questionable.Objective: The aim of this systematic review and m...

Somatic cells of the seminiferous epithelium, called Sertoli cells, play a key role in germ cell development and maintenance of proper course of spermatogenesis. Although androgens are considered the main regulators of Sertoli cell activity, recent studies indicate that their metabolites, estrogens, also influence Sertoli cell function. Estrogens, act mainly through nuclear estrogen receptors α and β (ERα, ERβ), however non-classical signaling via ...