Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: The work was initiated to compared extent of physical and sexual development retardation in adolescents with various neuroendocrine abnormalities.Materials and methods: We examined 63 adolescents, 41 boys (59.4%) and 22 girls (34.9%) among them with various endocrine abnormalities. Mean age of boys and girls was 11.3 and 12 years, respectively. All patients underwent general clinical examination. Levels of STH, LH, FSH, prolactin, TSH, ACTH, cortiso...

We present two cases of glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism (GRA) diagnosed through screening the children of an affected mother.GRA is a rare inherited cause of hypertension in children. A monogenic defect produces a chimeric gene, which codes for two enzymes involved in the production of aldosterone and cortisol. This leads to adrenocorticotropin stimulated aldosterone production. GRA is thought to account for 1% of primary aldosteronism with aroun...

Ken K Y Ho, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia AbstractKen Ho is a professor of Medicine at the University of New South Wales and is the Head, Pituitary Research Unit, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and Chairman, Department of Endocrinology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney.He graduated in medicine at the University of Sydney in 1975, undertook research studies towards a Doctora...

Objective: Maternal and female fetal virilization is subject to exaggerating androgen secretion of pregnancy luteomas which is associated with the protective capacity of placenta safeguard against hormone conversion and presents with variable extent of female pesudohermapharotidism as exposure in critical gestational stage.Patient(s): A nulligravida woman suffering from bilateral hydronephrosis and recurrent acute pyelonephritis caused by bilateral solid...

Background: Juvenile onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood and shows a rising incidence over the past decades. The exact pathogenesis is still not completely understood, especially regarding possible environmental factors triggering disease onset.Aim: We aimed to systematically review literature on growth in children prior to diagnosis of juvenile type 1 diabetes and to ascertain whether specific patterns of ...

Morphological and therapeutic interventions have uncovered an inflammatory process in patients with type 2 diabetes. This inflammation is due to a pathological activation of the innate immune system by metabolic stress and is largely governed by IL-1 signaling. Initially, the inflammatory response is probably deployed to promote adaptation and regeneration. Indeed, we identified a role for IL-1β and insulin in the regulation of both metabolism and immunity in response to ...

Obesity, characterized by excess intra-abdominal adipose tissue, is closely associated with a cluster of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our previous study revealed significant associations between interleukin 4 (IL4) genotypes and T2DM, as well as IL4 genotypes and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Our most recent study results reveal that IL4 has anti-hyperglycemic function by improving insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. In add...

Objective: To evaluate the associations between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis.Methods and Results: A total of 8971 participants aged 40 years and older from Baoshan district, Shanghai were included in the present study. The presence of NAFLD was evaluated by ultrasonography. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) were measured in each participant. The prevalence of NAFLD was 30...

Introduction: Islets of Langerhans are well innervated and vascularized, however, the regulatory mechanisms for innervation and vascularization are not well clarified. In mice deficient for proglucagon-derived peptides (Gcg–gfp/gfp: GCGKO), islet cells that express green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of glucagon promoter (‘α”-cells) display hyperplasia and number of islets is increased. The present study was aimed to clarify role of the proglu...

Objective: To investigate whether restoration of insulin secretion and long-term optimal glycemic control can be achieved by short-term liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) therapy compared with basal insulin therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.Research Design and Methods: Japanese subjects with type 2 diabetes had a short-term, 3 week course of basal insulin therapy (n=114) or liraglutide therapy (n=29) to...