Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: If untreated, adrenal insufficiency (AI) leads to premature death. Hospital record data suggest mortality associated with primary (PAI) and secondary AI (SAI) to be 2–3-fold higher than in the general population. Major causes of death include cardiovascular disease, Addisonian crises, brain tumours and infections; however, there is little further characterization of patients who died.Design: We analysed real-world data from the Europea...

Objective: Primary aldosteronism (PA) has emerged as the most frequent form of secondary hypertension. For the diagnosis of PA, confirmatory testing is indispensable and different tests are recommended by guidelines, including captopril challenge test (CCT) and saline infusion test (SIT). However, there are sparse studies evaluating and comparing CCT and SIT in Chinese population. Hence, we investigate the diagnostic efficiency of CCT and SIT for PA in Chinese hypertensives in...

Introduction: Adrenal crises (ACs) are life-threatening events in patients with primary (PAI) or secondary (SAI) adrenal insufficiency, occurring ~4–10 times per 100 patient-years. Major causes of ACs are infections, especially gastroenteritis and tonsillitis/laryngitis. Risk factors for ACs remain ill defined, but could include concomitant endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, premature ovarian failure) in PAI, diabetes insipidus in SAI, and concomitant non-endocrine di...

Hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17B1) is an enzyme catalyzing the reduction of estrone (E1) to estradiol (E2), as well as androstenedione (Adione) to testosterone (T). To elucidate the physiological function of HSD17B1, we generated knockout mice with disrupted Hsd17b1 gene using targeted ES cells (clone 10231) obtained from KOMP repository (www.komp.org). In these ES cells the whole coding region of Hsd17b1 was replaced with LacZ/Neo cass...

The caveolin (CAV) consists of three isoforms (CAV1, CAV2, and CAV3) and contributes to insulin-regulated glucose metabolism. It has been reported that decreased caveolin-1 phosphorylation in the endometrium is linked with insulin resistant state in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Because PCOS patients often display hyperandrogenism, whether hyperandrogenism in addition to insulin resistant is involved in the regulation of caveolin expression and activation in the...

The androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway is central to the emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). miR-32 is an androgen regulated miRNA which is differentially expressed in CRPC compared to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and able to provide a significant growth advantage to LNCaP cells. To study how increased miR-32 expression contributes to prostate cancer formation and/or progression in vivo, we have established transgenic mice expressing ...

Background and aims: Multi-drug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1) and organic cation transporters 2 (OCT2) are important proteins of metformin transport and excretion in liver and kidney. Our previous study showed that there were gender difference of metformin’s hypoglycaemic effect and it was independently linked with the oestrogen and testosterone levels in type 2 diabetes patients. This study was designed to observe the impact of oestrogen and androgen on the renal express...

Chronically elevated glucocorticoid (GC) levels alter cognition and increase cardio-metabolic disease risk. Negative feedback suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, including at the hippocampus, maintains low/basal circulating GC levels. Intracellular GC can be increased, without alteration in circulating levels, by the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type1 (11β-HSD1). In some tissues, 11β-HSD1 expression is increase...

Background: Previous studies have yielded conflicting results on biochemical control with medical therapy in patients with or without prior pituitary surgery. The LANTERN study (NCT02493517) demonstrated that lanreotide autogel (LAN ATG) was non-inferior to lanreotide prolonged release (LAN PR) in Chinese patients with active acromegaly. This post hoc analysis of the LANTERN study aimed to explore the efficacy of LAN ATG in patients with or without prior pituitary surgery....

Background: The LANTERN study (NCT02493517) has demonstrated that lanreotide autogel (LAN ATG) was non-inferior to lanreotide prolonged release (LAN PR) in Chinese patients with active acromegaly. This post hoc analysis of the LANTERN study assessed the impact of tumor size on treatment effect.Design: In the LANTERN study, LAN ATG was started at 90 mg and subsequently titrated according to GH and IGF-1 levels for 32 weeks. Tumor diameters > 10 mm wer...