Endocrine Abstracts

The formation of the placental syncytiotrophoblast through trophoblast differentiation is a key cellular event, essential for successful embryonic implantation, oxygen/nutrient transport and secretion of placental hormones necessary for fetal development. Trophoblast differentiation alters expression of various molecules with important roles in placental biology, including 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), the major component of the placental glucoc...

Introduction: Male-to-female gender identity disorder (MtF GID) is a complex phenomenon that could be better evaluated by using a dimensional approach.Aim: To explore the aggregation of clinical manifestations of MtF GID in order to identify meaningful variables describing the heterogeneity of the disorder.Methods: A consecutive series of 80 MtF GID subjects (mean age 37±10.3 years), referred to the interdepartmental Center fo...

Aim: Endocrinopathies are frequent complications in paediatric patients with primary brain tumours (PBT) and among them GH deficiency (GHD) is of particular relevance. In this study we evaluated the incidence of GHD and the impact of GH therapy in a large series of PBT bearing patients or adult patients previously treated for PBT.Methods: From January 2001 to December 2011 more than 700 PBT patients were screened for endocrine complications. GHD was expl...

Introduction: For prevention of diabetic disease complications,educational interventions by using health education models are performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of educational program based on the BASNEF model on diabetic (type II)) control blood sugar.Material and methods: This is a perspective and quasi-experimental intervention study,. 100 diabetic patients type II (50 case and 50 control), between the ages of 40 and 6...

Adrenarche is a normal maturational event that in humans occurs at around 6–8 years of age. During adrenarche, a new zone of the adrenal cortex, the zona reticularis, is developed, resulting in increased production of adrenal androgens, androsteindione, DHEA and DHEAS. The increase in the secretion of adrenal androgens causes the appearance of axilliary and pubic hair, a brief increase in linear growth velocity and bone maturation, and the development of the brain. The pr...

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are key innate immune cells implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone implicated in regulating blood glucose and body weight. We recently demonstrated that GLP-1 is a regulator of iNKT cell function and that inflammatory conditions such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis improve following GLP-1 therapy. GLP-1 is one of several post-prandial gut hormones,...

Oxysterols are reactive molecules generated from the oxidation of cholesterol. Few data are available about their functions in myelination of nervous system. Our aim was to study the influence of oxysterols on myelin gene expression and myelin sheath formation by oligodendrocytes (central nervous system), and by Schwann cells (peripheral nervous system). We show by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry that oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells contain 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol, 25...

Hyperperhomocysteine has been implicated in vascular changes and oxidative stress contributing to endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. Our earlier studies have shown increased oxidative stress leading to reduced docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in pre-eclamptic women. The present study examines the levels of angiogenic factors (VEGF, PlGF sFlt-1), homocysteine and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, in 90 normotensive (control) and 137 preeclamptic women...

Thyroid hormones (TH) are required for normal postnatal growth development in mammals. The physiological importance of TH becomes evident under the conditions of congenital–neonatal hypothyroidism (CH). If not treated immediately, CH has a profound impact on physiology and can permanently imprint neurological and endocrine systems, which, in turn, led to mental retardation, growth arrest, and metabolic disturbances. A delayed growth development or long-lasting influence o...

To better understand the molecular and cellular nature of paediatric combined pituitary hormone deficiency diseases, our laboratory has recently generated a novel mouse model of the severe paediatric diseases caused by mutations in the LHX3 transcription factor gene. Through gene targeting, we have produced an Lhx3 W227Ter mouse modeling the LHX3 W224Ter (loss of carboxyl terminus) human disease. Patients with the W224Ter mutation are of short stature and ...

Back ground: Numerous researches indicate that DHEA administration decreases fat mass in human and rodent. We evaluated the effects of DHEA treatment on adiposity. Male Otsuka Long evans fatty (OLETF) rats, hereditary obese type 2 diabetic animals derived from long evans tokushima (LETO) rats. These rats were fed with or without (control) 0.4% DHEA containing food for 52 weeks. Telomere length as a marker of whole cell division in adipose tissue were assessed. Genomic DNA isol...

Introduction: Longitudinal bone growth ceases by the end of puberty, and the induction of epiphyseal maturation and closure is thought to be a result in both sexes of the action of increased pubertal oestrogen concentrations. However, bone mass accrual progresses beyond puberty and we related sex steroid hormones and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels to calcaneal quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) in young adult men.Methods: Eighty men aged bet...

The origins and lineages of somatic cells in mammalian ovaries are poorly understood and not universally agreed upon. By clonally-isolating different phenotypes of bovine fetal stromal cells and conducting microarray analysis, we identified markers of different somatic cells. Antibodies to these markers, markers of other known cell types in fetal ovaries and to extracellular matrix were used to examine bovine ovaries (60–300 days of gestation, n=51) by immunohistoc...

Introduction: Childhood maltreatment is quite common and constitutes a non-specific risk factor for a range of different emotional and behavioural problems during lifespan. It has been demonstrated that sexual minorities are at higher risk of maltreatment and abuse, and a high proportion of transsexual subjects reports childhood maltreatment.Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of reported childhood maltreatment in a clinical sample of patients with male to f...

Introduction: Refined carbohydrates which substitute the staple diet in most cultures may exaggerate postprandial responses in term of insulin and free fatty acid levels. These changes may herald the onset of metabolic syndrome and diabetes among those at high risk of these diseases.Objectives: To determine the postprandial insulin and free fatty acids levels in healthy subjects after the consumption of two different breakfast meals, Mediterranean-like v...

The early diagnosis of 47XXY- Klinefelter syndrome (KS) associated with infertility confronts the parents with concerns about their child outcome on cognitive, social skills and sexual identity. Few studies relate the weakness of intelligence, mainly verbal, and relational inhibition. Androgen may be offered to adolescents to normalize anatomic and psychic puberty processes. This has never been evaluated in psychological terms.Subjects and methods: Eight...

Introduction: Endocrinologic dysfunction is a well-known complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children. The mechanisms of thyroid damage developing after transplantation remain not completely recognized. Toxicity of the conditioning regimen, especially total body irradiation, is most commonly postulated cause of endocrine abnormalities; immunological mechanisms (e.g. graft vs host disease) may also contribute to thyroid dysfunction.<p class=...

Introduction: De la Chapelle syndrome (46XX male syndrome) is a rare anomaly with the characterstics of discordant chromosomal and gonadal sex. Individuals with classical 46XX male sex reversal syndrome have an apparently normal male phenotype and presents with infertility or sub-fertility.Case report: Twenty five year old male, married 2 years back, came to take opinion regarding his Infertility. He is a healthy looking male with well developed secondar...