Endocrine Abstracts

Aim: To identify perinatal risk factors of the development of simple obesity in adolescence.

Methods: We analysed retrospectively 327 histories of development in pubertal children, with the division into two groups: group 1 – 158 obese children (age 14.6±2 years, BMI 33.4±5 kg/m²), group 2 – 169 normal-weight patients (age 12.6±2.2 (P=0.2); BMI 20.5±1.2 kg/m² (P<0.05)) from the University Hospital (Minsk). We collected anamnesis clarifying gestational age, account and complications of pregnancy, and delivery, presence/absence of chronic intrauterine hypoxia, family obesity, parental smoking; estimated body weight (high-birth-weight and small to gestational age children were excluded from the study), and growth at birth. The results were processed using SPSS 18.0.

Results: In group of obese children birth weight was 3.6±0.45 kg, height 52.1±2.9 cm, gestational age 37.3±8 weeks, control 3.35±0.38 kg (P=0.0001), 51.7±2.1 cm (P=0.3), and 39.7±1.1 weeks (P=0.6). Pregnancy complications in group 1 were detected in 63% (preeclampsia – 34.8%, iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) 4.3%, infections 8.7%, and threatened miscarriage 15.2%) in group 2 – 32.5% (preeclampsia 17.8%; IDA 14.8%) (P=0.0001); chronic intrauterine fetal hypoxia – 34.8 and 5.9% (P=0.0001); complications in delivery – 35.6 and 20.7% respectively (P=0.049). Parent’s obesity of study group were noted in 75.9% of cases, control 1.8% (P=0.0001). There were no significant differences between the groups in the nature of delivery, pregnancy, and delivery account; parental smoking.

Conclusions: Large birth weight, complications of pregnancy (preeclampsia, infections, and threatened miscarriage) and delivery, chronic intrauterine fetal hypoxia; obese parents are related to perinatal risk factors for obesity development in adolescence.