Endocrine Abstracts

The endogenous thyroid hormone metabolite 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) has attracted attention as a metabolically active substance modulating metabolism via classical thyroid hormone (TH) receptor-dependent and rapid plasma membrane, cytosolic and mitochondrial signaling pathways. Accordingly, 3,5-T2 has been proposed as a potential hypolipidaemic agent without inducing thyromimetic effects and is frequently used as illicit weight-reducing agent. The objective of the present s...

Background: The interest in the potential effect of thyromimetics in lowering serum cholesterol is growing. Thyroid hormone actions on lipid metabolism are exerted in the liver and mediated by the T3 receptor TRβ1. The creation of molecules transported into hepatocytes by liver-specific transporters can increase the liver selectivity of thyromimetics. Sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP), a solute carrier protein primarily expressed on the basolateral me...

Introduction: Type 2 deiodinase (D2) catalyses intracellular T3 production in several human tissues including pituitary gland, hence occupying an important role in the feedback regulation of TSH secretion. Although several previous researches have shown that Thr92Ala D2 polymorphism with decreased D2 enzymatic activity influences the levothyroxine dose requirement and the set point of the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis for postoperative TSH suppressiv...

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNACC) is the basic tool used in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) in nodular goitre. FNACC does not allow for the establishment of a clear diagnosis in 15–30% of cases (mainly follicular lesions). Molecular biology techniques can be useful, allowing for the detection, in FNACC smears, of the known mutations involved in the oncogenesis.Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of the detection of the BRAF muta...

Introduction: Hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is associated with only one major cause – germline mutations in the RET proto-oncogene. The most of tested families with MTC is related to specific RET mutation, however, very small number of families left unresolved without the causing inherited mutation. New techniques of next generation sequencing give hope in finding the new candidate genes that could be involved in the pathogenesis of these ...