Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Primary hypogonadism (PHG, testosterone <10.5 nmol/l and LH >9.5 U/l) without a recognisable cause affects ~2% of community-dwelling middle-aged and older men. We sought to identify the clinical significance of, and risk factors for, this apparently age-related hypogonadal state.Methods/design: The European Male Ageing Study (EMAS) is a prospective observational cohort survey of 3.369 community-dwelling men aged 40–79 in eight ...

Background: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common abnormality of sex chromosomes (47,XXY) and represents the first genetic cause of male infertility. Mechanisms leading to KS testis degeneration are still not completely defined but considered to be mainly the result of germ cells loss. In order to unravel the molecular basis of global testis dysfunction in KS patients, we performed a transcriptome analysis on testis biopsies obtained from six azoospermic non-mosaic KS p...

Spermatogenic disruption is normally recognized by low sperm count and FSH levels. However, Leydig cell impairment is also frequent in subjects with primary testicular damage, as evidenced for example by reduced INSL3 and 25(OH)-vitamin D levels. The latter is caused by reduced expression of CYP2R1, a major enzyme involved in 25-hydroxylation of cholecalciferol. Furthermore, testosterone (T) production by the Leydig cells might be also impaired in men with primary spermatogeni...

Triclosan (TCS) is one of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) derived from toothpastes, deodorant and cleaning supplies. As a phytoestrogen, kaempferol (Kaem) is found at variety of vegetables. In this study, we examined anti-proliferative effects of Kaem in TCS-induced cell growth in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In MTT assay, TCS (10−6 M) increased the cell viability of MCF-7 cells, while Kaem (50 μM) significantly reduced the cell viability compared to ...

Synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) are the most common pesticides which are recently used for indoor pest control. The widespread use of SPs has resulted in the increased exposure to wild animals and humans. Recently, some SPs are suspected as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and have been assessed for their potential oestrogenicity by adopting various analyzing assays. In this study, we examined the estrogenic effects of λ-cyhalothrin (LCT) and cypermethrin (CP), the most ...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread endocrine disruptor commonly used by plastic industries. More than 95% of the world population contains BPA (ng/ml) in biological fluids raising the question of its activity and potential adverse effects. Anecdotally, molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), an enamel pathology affecting 15–18% of children, is increasing concurrently with ED related pathologies. Our previous data show that BPA impacts amelogenesis and generate similar enam...

Introduction: Cryptorchidism, the most frequent congenital malformation in full-term male newborns, increases risk of infertility and testicular cancer. Most cases remain idiopathic but epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested the role of both genetic and environmental factors. Physiological testicular descent is regulated by two major Leydig cell hormones: Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and testosterone.Methods and results: From a prospec...

Evidence indicates that normal pattern of progression of puberty is altered under certain conditions of stress, whereas growth rate is affected by sustained higher concentrations of cortisol, a marker of stress reactivity. Available data show that early teens commonly resort to use of drugs. The use of drugs may evoke stress responses, which may alter pubertal development and affect growth rate. Body weight (BW), height, BMI and plasma concentrations of LH, testosterone (T), G...