SFEBES2016 Oral Communications Early Career Oral Communications (6 abstracts)
A missense mutation in the islet-enriched transcription factor MAFA leads to familial insulinomatosis and diabetes
Donato Iacovazzo 1,* , Sarah E. Flanagan 2,* , Emily Walker 3,* , Richard Caswell 2 , Michael Brändle 4 , Matthew Johnson 2 , Matthew Wakeling 2 , Min Guo 3 , Mary N. Dang 1 , Plamena Gabrovska 1 , Bruno Niederle 5 , Emanuel Christ 6 , Stefan Jenni 6 , Bence Sipos 7 , Maike Nieser 7 , Andrea Frilling 8 , Ketan Dhatariya 9 , Philippe Chanson 10 , Wouter de Herder 11 , Björn Konukiewitz 12 , Günter Klöppel 12,* , Roland Stein 3,* , Sian Ellard 2,* & Márta Korbonits 1,*
1Centre for Endocrinology, Barts and The London School of Medicine, London, UK; 2Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK; 3Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; 4Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; 5Section of Endocrine Surgery, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 6Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; 7Department of Pathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; 8Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; 9Elsie Bertram Diabetes Centre, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK; 10Service d’Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; 11Department of Internal Medicine, Sector of Endocrinology, ENETS Centre of Excellence for Neuroendocrine Tumors, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 12Department of Pathology, Consultation Center for Pancreatic and Endocrine Tumors, Technical University, Munich, Germany; *equally contributing to the work.
Introduction: Insulinomatosis is a rare disorder characterised by persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (PHH) due to the occurrence of multifocal pancreatic insulinomas. This condition, whose pathogenesis is unknown, can occur in a familial setting. Paradoxically, while some family members develop PHH, others develop diabetes mellitus.
Methods: We have identified a family with autosomal dominant familial insulinomatosis and diabetes. Exome sequencing was employed to identify the disease causing mutation. Functional in vitro studies were undertaken to characterise the effects of the identified mutation.
Results: A novel missense heterozygous mutation was identified in the transactivation domain of the islet-enriched transcription factor MAFA, and was found to segregate with both the insulinomatosis and diabetes phenotype. MAFA regulates the expression of several genes involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and its levels and activity are acutely induced in the presence of high glucose concentrations. Phosphorylation within the transactivation domain drives the proteosomal degradation of MAFA. MAFA has oncogenic transformation potential, and rearrangements leading to the overexpression of large MAF proteins play a pathogenic role in haematological malignancies.
In vitro, the mutation was found to impair phosphorylation within the transactivation domain of MAFA. No significant effect was observed in the transactivation activity, while the stability of mutant MAFA was profoundly increased in HEK293 cells. Notably, in the EndoC-βH1 human beta cell line, mutant MAFA was extremely stable, even at low glucose concentrations, when wild type MAFA is normally undetectable.
Conclusion: We report, for the first time, that a mutation in the transcription factor MAFA leads to familial insulinomatosis and diabetes. We hypothesise that dysregulation of MAFA turnover impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, causing beta cell dysfunction and diabetes. At the same time, increased levels of MAFA are expected to induce cell transformation, leading to the development of insulinomatosis.
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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