Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: SGLT2 inhibitors have been an important step in the treatment of diabetes. With numerous controlled experimental studies of these antidiabetic drugs, evaluation of real-life data after entry into clinical practice is an important condition. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate short-term results on glycemic control and weight loss in a narrow group of patients in the single tertiary medical center.

Methods: The study was retrospectively designed and 20 type 2 diabetic patients who had started dapagliflozin in the last 1 year and who had anthropometric and glycemic control data at 3-6th months were included in the study. Data of the patients who did not undergo non-routine administration and whose other antidiabetic treatments were not changed were collected from medical hospital records.

Results: The mean age of the twenty patients was 54.95 years, 25% male and 75% female, mean duration of diabetes was 10.8 years. The mean HbA1c level before dapagliflozin was 8.42%, while it was 7.57 in third and 7.85 in sixth months. Fasting blood glucose levels were found 186.8, 141.6 and 142.2 mg/dl and postprandial glucose levels were found 262.1, 183.9 and 187.1 mg/dl at the 0-3-6th months respectively. Weights were reduced from 87.8 to 84.1 and 83.4 kg, BMI from 33.3 to 31.3 and 31.5 kg/m². There was a corresponding decline (107.7→106.2→106.1 cm) in the waist circumferences. In patients using insulin (n=5, 25%) weight reduction was slightly lower (average −5.1 to −2.4 kg) but glycemic control was better (HbA1c in the insulin using; 9.54%→7.70%→8.30%, non-using; 8.02%→7.53%→7.69%). Improvement in glycemic control was more pronounced when diabetes age <10 years (n=9, 45%) compared with those of ≥10 years.

Discussion: It has been shown that SGLT2 inhibitors provide glycemic control without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia by causing glycosuria with the effect on the glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubules and dependent on serum glucose level. Studies have shown that they reduce HbA1c levels by between 0.5-1% on average and cause weight loss around 5%. The data on our study were found to be consistent with these findings. In addition, indicate that SGLT2 inhibitors are more effective for glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus less than 10 years and using insulin, and better in terms of weight control in the patients who do not use insulin.