Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Several studies have incriminated hypomagnesemia in the pathophysiology of diabetes, as the prevalence of this deficit in type 2 diabetics is high, and as it is correlated with glycemic control and chronic diabetic complications.

Aims: Studying the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in type 2 diabetics and assessing its impact on quality of life, glycemic control and chronic diabetic complications. Patients and methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period from November 01, 2022 to January 31, 2023, including type 2 diabetic patients followed at the endocrinology department of CHU FARHAT HACHED. Data were collected from careful questioning, physical examination and medical records. Missing biological parameters were performed at the biochemistry laboratory of CHU FARHAT HACHED.

Results: We included 190 type 2 diabetics (sex ratio M/F 1.09), with a mean age of 60±9.9 years and a mean diabetes duration of 11.9±9.1 years. Diabetic retinopathy was present in 43.5% of our subjects. Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy were present in 33% and 23.6% of patients respectively. 15.3% of our population had a coronary syndrome and 14.2% had a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack. Hypomagnesemia was present in 45.3% of our population, with a mean magnesemia of 0.74±0.09 mmol/l. It was statistically correlated with fasting blood glucose (P=0.004, OR=2.27) and HbA1c (P=0.047, OR=1.53); for a FPG >8.95 mmol/l and for HbA1c values >8.25%, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia increases significantly. However, we found no correlation between magnesium and quality of life, nor with chronic diabetic complications.

Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is a frequent biological abnormality in type 2 diabetics and is significantly correlated with glycemic control. Therefore, its screening in these patients is recommended for possible supplementation.