Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT652

Introduction: Sarcopenia, that is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass and strength, is a significant concern for obese patients undergoing treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists such as liraglutide. While liraglutide has proven to be effective in weight reduction and metabolic improvement, its impact on body composition, particularly lean mass, requires further investigation.

Objective: To assess the impact of liraglutide therapy on muscle mass parameters in obese patients, identify risk factors for sarcopenia, and develop preventive approaches.

Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted on patients (n = 110) with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²) who received liraglutide for ≥12 months. The following methods were used: • Body composition assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) • Laboratory tests, including serum albumin levels, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), total testosterone, and C-reactive protein (CRP) high sensitivity • Functional diagnostics, handgrip strength assessment. • Nutritional analysis to identify protein and micronutrient deficiencies.

Results: • A decrease in lean body mass >10% from baseline was observed in 18% of patients. • Main identified risk factors for sarcopenia were: • Low protein intake (≤0.8 g/kg body weight); • Insufficient physical activity (<150 minutes of moderate exercise per week); • Age over 50 years; • Insulin resistance and vitamin D deficiency. • In the group with preventive inclusion of physical exercise activity and increased protein intake (≥1.2 g/kg), muscle mass reduction was minimal.

Conclusions: 1. Liraglutide therapy in obese patients may be associated with the development of sarcopenia, especially in the absence of adequate nutritional support and physical activity. 2. The incorporation of a high-protein diet, resistance training, and nutritional support is crucial for preventing muscle mass loss. 3. Monitoring body composition using DXA or BIA should be an essential part of the comprehensive management of patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists. Practical Significance: A personalized approach considering the nutritional status and physical activity levels can minimize the risks of sarcopenia and enhance the effectiveness of liraglutide therapy, ensuring not only weight loss but also the preservation of patients’ functional health.

Keywords: sarcopenia, liraglutide, obesity, muscle mass loss, GLP-1, nutritional support.