Endocrine Abstracts

JOINT4001

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, particularly dapagliflozin, have shown promise in improving glycemic control, weight reduction, and cardiovascular function in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the differential effects of dapagliflozin in diabetic vs non-diabetic individuals, as well as potential gender-based variations in treatment response, remain under investigation. This study compares the effects of dapagliflozin on key metabolic and cardiovascular parameters—fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), weight loss, and ejection fraction (EF)—in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, with a particular focus on gender differences.

Methods: A cohort of 17 diabetic patients and 18 non-diabetic individuals were treated with dapagliflozin over three months. Baseline and post-treatment measurements were collected for fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HbA1c, BMI, weight loss, and EF. Statistical analyses compared the outcomes between diabetic and non-diabetic groups and evaluated gender-specific differences in response to treatment.

Results: Patients with Diabetes: Dapagliflozin significantly reduced fasting glucose (8.9–12.7 mmol/lto 5.8–7.8 mmol/l)and postprandial glucose (8.9–14.8 mmol/lto 6.7–9.9 mmol/L). HbA1c levels improved by 0.5%–1.2%. Weight loss ranged from 1.5–3.2 kg, with men experiencing greater reductions. EF increased by 2%–6%, indicating improvements in cardiac function. Patients without Diabetes: Minimal changes were observed in fasting and postprandial glucose levels. HbA1c remained stable (4.3%–5.5%). Weight loss was less pronounced (0.2–2.1 kg), while EF improved by up to 8%, likely reflecting better baseline cardiac function. Gender Differences: Men exhibited more significant reductions in fasting glucose and BMI. Women showed greater improvements in postprandial glucose, with stable cardiovascular benefits.

Conclusions: Dapagliflozin offers significant improvements in glycemic control, weight loss, and cardiac function in diabetic patients, while non-diabetic individuals experience notable cardiovascular benefits and modest weight loss. Gender differences in response suggest that men benefit more from reductions in fasting glucose and BMI, while women show more significant improvements in postprandial glucose levels. These findings support the broader use of dapagliflozin for managing cardiometabolic health beyond diabetes.