A longitudinal analysis of the impact of alarmed sensors on anxiety, depression, sleep quality, quality of life and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 1 diabetes

Michele Baldari; Enrico Saudelli; Simona Moscatiello; Sara Flamigni; Uberto Pagotto; Dalmazi Guido Di

doi:10.1530/endoabs.110.P385

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Endocrine Abstracts (2025) 110 P385 | DOI: 10.1530/endoabs.110.P385

ECEESPE2025 Poster Presentations Diabetes and Insulin (143 abstracts)

A longitudinal analysis of the impact of alarmed sensors on anxiety, depression, sleep quality, quality of life and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 1 diabetes

Michele Baldari^{1, 2}, Enrico Saudelli^{1, 2}, Simona Moscatiello¹, Sara Flamigni¹, Uberto Pagotto^{1, 2} & Guido Di Dalmazi^{1, 2}

Author affiliations

¹Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Bologna, Italy; ²Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

JOINT2128

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) plays an important role on living standards in affected patients. The use of technologies has been shown to have important benefits on glycemic compensation, but studies regarding the impact on psychosocial indicators are currently limited in the literature.

Aim: To dynamically observe in a population of T1DM patients how living standards change in relation to new technology upgrades and clinical parameters

Subjects and Methods: In this longitudinal analytical study, the following questionnaires were administered to 143 patients with T1DM: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ), Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), and Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL). In the HADS scale, specifically, 3 categories were assigned: normal, borderline or pathological. The number of patients changing their category was considered as the primary endpoint. Questionnaires were collected at the Endocrinology Unit of IRCCS S. Orsola in April 2021 and then 3 years later in September 2024.

Results: The cohort enrolled in 2021 consisted of 77 men and 66 women: mean age 45±14 years, HbA1c 56±11 mmol/mol. During the period from 2021 to 2024, 83 patients switched from capillary glycemic monitoring to the use of a sensor equipped with low and high glucose alarms, 37 remained on capillary, and 23 maintained a sensor associated with or without a pump. A statistically significant improvement in HbA1c (57. 6±10. 4 vs 56±13 mmol/mol, p < 0. 001) and TBR (3. 2±4. 2 vs 1. 62±1. 59%, P = 0. 009) was confirmed in the cohort who had an alarmed sensor at 3 years. In the subgroup that upgraded to an alarmed sensor, there was no significant change in the degree of anxiety (P = 0. 780), or depression (P = 0. 158) on the HADS scale, nor a significant worsening of the PSQI sleep quality score (P = 0. 667) and disease-related distress (P = 0. 831), in contrast to treatment satisfaction, which instead appeared to be significantly reduced compared to baseline (26. 9±5. 5 vs 28. 7±4. 8, P = 0. 008). Similar situation occurred for quality of life, which was found to be worse (30. 5 vs 30. 1, P = 0. 012)

Conclusions: In individuals with type 1 diabetes, the introduction of sensors equipped with alarms seems likely to improve glucometabolic compensation and prevent hypoglycemia without leading to a deterioration in anxiety, depression, and sleep quality status, whereas it may worsen satisfaction with care and quality of life.