ECEESPE2025 Rapid Communications Rapid Communications 2: Diabetes and Insulin Part 1 (6 abstracts)
Islet cell autoimmunity and preclinical phase of type 1 diabetes in general population of 1-9 year old children in north-eastern region of Poland – a summary of the first 18 months of the study
Artur Bossowski 1 , Milena Jamialkowska-Sztabkowska 1 , Klaudyna Noiszewska 1 , Agnieszka Polkowska 1 , Aneta Zasim 1 , Filip Bossowski 1 , Magdalena Skorupska 1 , Angelika Buczynska 1 , Adam Kretowski 1 & Piotr Trzonkowski 2
1Medical University in Bialystok, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Bialystok , Poland; 2Medical University in Gdansk, Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Gdansk, Poland
JOINT1919
Aims: Assessment of islet autoimmunity and the prevalence of presymptomatic type 1 diabetes among children aged 1 to 9 years in a general population of North-Eastern Poland through a stepwise islet autoimmunity screening programme.
Methods: 3575 children aged 1-9 years participated in the study. Venous blood samples have been collected and analysed in a stepwise procedure starting with 3 Screen Islet Cell Autoantibody ELISA and IAA ELISA. In the next step, samples found positive in either 3 Screen or/and IAAs, were verified for individual autoantibodies. Children with confirmed islet cell autoimmunity were invited for the first follow-up stage, that consisted of laboratory testing, metabolic staging and education.
Results: Among 3575 tested children 4.84% were found positive in 3 Screen test and 4.73% for IAA. Detailed antibody testing confirmed islet cell autoimmunity in 7.78% participants and 1.17% of the total number presented multiple positive islet autoantibodies (IAb). IAAs were the most frequently reported autoantibodies (50.75%), while IA-2As were the least frequent (8.4%). IAAs were observed more frequently in individuals with T1D family history compared to those without T1D in relatives (P=0.04) and in children aged 1-3 years compared to older ones (P=0.02). The frequency of IA2-As and ZnT8As increased with age (P=0.035 and P=0.02, respectively) and ZnT8As were observed more frequently in females than males (P=0.024). The prevalence of GADAs was similar in all age groups (P=0.54). The prevalence of multiple positive IAbs was almost 2.5-times higher among children with T1D family history than in other peers. 113 children with confirmed islet cell autoimmunity participated in metabolic staging. Within individuals with dysglycaemia (stage 2) almost 67% presented only a single autoantibody. Two participants (1.77%) presented stage 3 diabetes – both were diagnosed before DKA occurred.
Conclusions: Results of the study confirm the importance of screening for IAbs in general paediatric population as a method of prediction of T1D development. The study also shows that patients with a single positive islet autoantibody may have already developed dysglycaemia and need monitoring.
Volume 110
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Endocrine Abstracts
ISSN 1470-3947 (print) | ISSN 1479-6848 (online)
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