Endocrine Abstracts

Background and Aim: One of the main causes of disease burden worldwide is chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2 I) are often used as Reno protective medications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of these two medications SGLT2I and GLP1 A on critical renal outcomes in a high-risk population with CKD and type 2 diabetes.

Methodology: It was a retrospective cohort study done between 2024 to 2025. In this study, 60 patients with T2D and stages 3rd and 4th of chronic kidney disease (eGFR 25 to 59 mL/min/1.72 m2) were selected and data was analysed for 8 months, one group was on a GLP-1 RA such as liraglutide or dulaglutide (n = 30) and the other group was on SGLT2i (empagliflozin/dapagliflozin), n = 30. tests including eGFR and albuminuria (UACR) were compared for both groups and comparative effectiveness of both classes of drugs were evaluated.

Results: The glucagon-like peptide-1 group had a significant preservation of eGFR, with a mean change of -0.8 mL/min vs -4.2 mL/min in the SGLT2 I group. In contrast, SGLT2 inhibitors resulted in a considerably higher reduction in albuminuria, with a median UACR decline of -52% compared to -38% with GLP-1 RA.

Conclusion: Both drug classes show Reno protective effects but with distinct profiles. GLP-1 RAS are linked to greater stability in eGFR, whereas SGLT2 inhibitors offer a more substantial reduction in albuminuria. Therefore, the choice between these treatments may depend on the specific clinical goal: slowing the decline of eGFR or reducing proteinuria in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Type 2 Diabetes, Urinary Albumin-to-creatinine Ratio, SGLT2 inhibitor