Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have highly heterogeneous growth rates, yielding broad ranges of radiographic imaging intervals in standard guidelines, creating uncertainty for clinicians and patients. Chromogranin A (CgA) is released by GEP-NET cells and has been associated with increased tumor burden. However, clinical utility of CgA measurement has been limited by the lack of prospective validation studies and by different sensitivity for...

Background: G3 NETs are a recently recognized entity and although the treatment recommendations largely follow those for grade 1 and 2 NETs, the outcomes of therapy are inferior. Little is known about the optimal therapy sequencing but small studies have suggested a benefit of multikinase inhibitors. Somatostatin analogs, PRRT and chemotherapy have all been reported to have activity but later lines of therapy are needed. In this study, we sought to evaluate the activity of cab...

Background: Through this study, we hoped to better understand the factors affecting recurrence-free survival in patients who have undergone curative intent resection for small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SB-NETs). Extensive literature exists on recurrence predictors for pancreatic NETs but not for those of the small bowel. We hope to bridge this gap.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who had received their index curative-intent operation for...

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN) is a rare entity consisting of two morphologically distinct populations of cells, one of which is neuroendocrine and one which is non-neuroendocrine. MiNENs typically contain high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma, conferring a poor prognosis. Due to the rarity of this diagnosis, data is limited and therefore, we sought to add to the current clinical understanding of this diagnosis.<p ...

Background: Preoperative grading of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) incorporating Ki-67 index can identify PNETs at low risk of progression and prevent unnecessary surgical resection. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive literature search and meta-analysis to compare the accuracy of Ki-67 based grading of PNETs between endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) vs fine needle biopsy (FNB).Methods: Literature s...

Background: Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is an aggressive malignancy comprising both pulmonary and extrapulmonary primary sites. NEC includes both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), as well as other neuroendocrine carcinomas arising from any primary organ. The optimal systemic therapy beyond first line platinum and etoposide is not established. There is a critical need to improve upon the median survival in th...

Background: Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is an aggressive malignancy comprising both pulmonary and extrapulmonary primary sites. NEC includes both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). The optimal systemic therapy beyond first line platinum and etoposide is not established. There is a critical need to improve upon the median survival in the second line, as most patients do not survive more than 6 months. The effi...

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), which frequently develop metastatic disease, represent an estimated 70% of NETs. There are limited treatment options with current standard therapies for well-differentiated aggressive grade 2 and grade 3 (Ki-67 index 15−55%) GEP-NETs; however, these may include somatostatin analogues; peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT); molecular targeted therapies (everolimus or sunitinib); chemotherapy; and ...

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) represent an estimated 70% of NETs. GEP-NETs frequently develop metastatic disease with limited treatment options. For well-differentiated high grade 2 and 3 GEP-NETs, current therapies include peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT), somatostatin analogues, chemotherapy, cytoreduction, and molecular targeted therapies (everolimus, sunitinib). PRRT uses radiolabeled somatostatin analogues to selectively t...

Background: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is a form of targeted systemic radiopharmaceutical therapy that has been approved for treatment of somatostatin receptor-positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Persistent hematologic dysfunction is a recognized potential long-term toxicity after PRRT, including the development of hematologic malignancies and persistent cytopenias. Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a well-recognized entity that ...