Endocrine Abstracts

Background: We used Mendelian randomization and machine learning (gradient boosting) to assess the causal association of Type 2 Diabetes with osteoporosis.Methods: We selected 155 SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes and glycaemic and insulin-related traits reported in previous studies (1,2) and studied the association with Heel bone mineral density (BMD)) (n= 4 72 996) and risk of fragility fractures (26 157 cases and 17 807 controls) in UKBiob...

Introduction: The anticancer action of vitamin D is currently considered one of its main properties. The main actions of vitamin D are related to the regulation of calcium levels and the normal function of the musculoskeletal system. However, its anticancer action is currently in the focus of research interests.Aim: The aim was to study the effect of vitamin D on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vitro.Methods: The effect...

Introduction: It has been reported that blind women with disturbed melatonin secretion have a lower incidence of breast cancer. A higher incidence of breast cancer has been reported in women in shift work, in which lower nocturnal melatonin secretion is observed. The anticancer action of melatonin is currently the focus of research interest.Aim: The aim was to study the effect of melatonin on MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro.<p class="abst...

Introduction: Melatonin is an indole being produced by the pineal gland and secreted mainly during the night. Melatonin is involved in the regulation of biological rhythms. The hormone possesses antioxidant action and is thought to be involved in the protection of the organism from the development of malignant tumors. Melatonin has been found to have anticancer action in vitro as is has been observed to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro.<...

PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder affecting the women of reproductive age group and weight loss is the mainstay of management of PCOS. We performed an open-label randomised controlled trial to compare the effects of a conventional energy deficit approach (-600 kcal/day of the total energy requirements) vs. a very low-calorie diet (VLCD: 800 kcal/day) on free androgen index (FAI), body weight, and metabolic markers in women with PCOS. Forty-one eligible patients were r...

Introduction: Vitamin D is currently known for its effects on the bone and muscle systems as well as for its pleiotropic and antiproliferative effects. The relationship between vitamin D and diabetes mellitus is in the focus of scientific research. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be associated with the development of diabetes mellitus type 1 as well as with poor glycemic control in diabetes mellitus type 2.Aim: The aim was to study the effect of v...

Introduction: Melatonin is a hormone mainly synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland. It is involved in the orchestration of circadian rhythms its levels being elevated during the hours of darkness in the human. Melatonin may have other pleiotropic functions in the human organism. In particular, it may be involved in the regulation of glucose metabolism and the pathogenesis of diabetes.Aim: The aim was to study the effect of melatonin on rat islet ce...

Background: Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 that improves cardiovascular risk and weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with obesity and increased cardiovascular risk; therefore, empagliflozin may be of benefit in PCOS.Methods: A randomised, open-label study in 40 overweight and obese women with PCOS treated with either empagliflozin 25 mg or metformin 1500mg daily for 12 weeks....

Introduction: Vitamin D is a hormone related to calcium homeostasis and normal function of the musculoskeletal system. Recently, the extraskeletal actions of vitamin D are the focus of scientific interest. The hormone is thought to possess anticancer properties, these properties being especially related to cancer of the prostate.Aim: The aim was to study the effect of vitamin D on PC3 prostate cancer cells in vitro.Methods...

Introduction: AGEs have been shown to be accumulated in granulosa cell layer from human ovaries in normal and in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance. AGEs interfere with insulin signaling pathways of several target tissues and are implicated in insulin resistance mechanisms. There is evidence that within the ovary these pathways are also important for glucose metabolism and normal folliculogenesis. The effect of human glycated albumin (HGA) eit...