Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11 β-HSD1) converts cortisone into its active metabolite, cortisol. Mechanisms regulating the promoter-activity of 11β-HSD1 are of considerable importance to understand the basics of intracellular cortisol, lipid and glucose metabolism. The incretine glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has been suggested to affect insulin sensitivity. However, the mechanisms of this effect are unclear yet....

Objectives: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a cardiac hormone that is known to play an essential role in regulation of blood pressure and vascular endothelial function. However, the metabolic regulation of ANP is not fully understood. In patients suffering from metabolic syndrome hypertension, hyperinsulinemia and postprandial hyperglucagonemia are common features. It was the aim of the present study to evaluate the impact of glucagon on proANP and the possible mechanisms ...

Objectives: Gastrointestinal hormones are known to modulate satiety. The mechanisms underlying the impact of glucagon on satiety are so far unknown. However, it can be postulated that the glucagon-induced reduction in hunger feeling is mediated through changes in Cholecystokinin (CCK), which is known to play a role in meal termination. It was the aim of the present study to evaluate the impact of glucagon on CCK and the modulation of these effects in obesity.<p class="abst...

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone secreted by K-cells of proximal small intestine that is secreted postprandial in response to glucose and fat ingestion. Its effect is mediated through a GIP receptor (GIPR) which is widely expressed in different tissues, e.g. pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, adrenal cortex, heart, pituitary and in some regions of the brain. However, only the effect of GIP in pancreatic beta-cells is we...

Adrenal insufficiency can result in severe hyponatremia due to inappropriate high plasma vasopressin (pAVP). To elucidate the glucocorticoid AVP feedback we monitored thirsting of 12 male volunteers without and after on or five days of prednisolone (30 mg/d). Although prednisolone suppressed pAVP below 0.2 pg/ml the rise in plasma osmolality during thirsting was not influenced by prednisolone. Independent of exogenous glucocorticoid thirsting resulted in higher urine osmolalit...

Background: Long term exposure of INS-1 beta cells to elevated glucose concentrations has been observed to impair insulin expression, a phenomenon termed as glucose toxicity. Despite its potential relevance in the progression of diabetes, the underlying mechanisms is not yet fully understood.Aim: Target analysis of single, or a sub-group of metabolites has until now been the method of choice in mammalian cells to investigate the pathological state in ter...

Background: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a gastrointestinal hormone that is secreted in response to food intake and modulates β-cell function. Remarkably, GIP looses its insulinomimetic effect in the presence of chronic hyperglycaemia and thus appears to be ineffective in poorly controlled T2DM at least with regard to insulin release. The mechanism by which this occurs is not clear and it is not known.Objectives: To analyse ...

Background & Aims: NutriAct is a 36-month randomized controlled multi-center trial aiming to analyze the effects of a dietary pattern focusing on a high-protein and high-unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) intake on healthy aging. We aimed to explore changes in intake of macronutrients and determine factors associated with a successful modulation of dietary pattern after 36 months in elderly community dwelling participants.Methods: 502 participants were ra...

Aims: We investigate the influence of GIP on ghrelin secretion in normal glucose tolerant individuals with the use of the firstly applied correlation network analysis on human plasma metabolome data.Methods: To address this issue, we employed a GIP-infusion test and euglycemic- and hyperglycemic glucose clamp experiments combined with infusion of GIP or placebo in a cross-over manner in non diabetic obese male subjects (n=14). Moreover, we firstly...

Objectives: Premature estrogen deficiency and menopause are associated with increases in body weight and fat mass. Ovariectomized (OVX) mice also show reduced locomotor activity. Because glucose-dependent-insulinotropic-polypeptide (GIP) is known to play an important role both in fat metabolism and locomotor activity, we hypothesized that effects of estrogen on the regulation of body weight, fat mass and spontaneous physical activity could be mediated in part by GIP signaling....