Endocrine Abstracts

Statins are effective treatment for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and used extensively worldwide. However, adverse effects induced by statins are the major barrier of maximalising cardiovascular risk reduction. Hypothyroidism and administration of drugs metabolised on the same cytochrome P450 (CYPP450) pathways where statin biotransformation occurs represent a significant risk factor for statin induced adverse effects including myopathy. Simvastatin, atorvastatin a...

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is one of the most common causes of non-neoplastic hypercalcemia with characteristically increased or inappropriately normal plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. Hypercalcemia is also a significant feature of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and a pathogenetic link is presumed between the two diseases, strengthened by preclinical data. Only limited number of case reports of concomitant PHPT and MM are available in the li...

Introduction: In acromegaly GH excess leads to impaired insulin sensitivity with an alteration of beta-cell function. The consequent hyperglycemia leads to a further increased cardiovascular risk and mortality.Case report: A 16 years old patient was first referred to the Department of Pediatrics in 2014 with accentuated growth since the age of 10. The reason of the first referral was a sport injury (head trauma during playing basketball). Sella MRI depic...

Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a common complication of Graves’ disease (GD) which is often responding poorly to therapy. GO may develop before or together with, or during the course of GD. In an individual patient, the development of GO cannot be predicted. We assumed that orbital autoimmune activity is predictable using orbital 99mTc-labelled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) SPECT. We aimed to determine whether any orbital autoimmune activity can be id...

Introduction: Insulinoma is a rare tumor of the beta cells of the pancreas. The clinical manifestation is diverse with hypoglycemia and autonomic neurological symptoms. For diagnosis the Whipple’s triad needs to be present: signs of hypoglycemia, glucose level under 3 mmol/l and the cessation of symptoms after administration of iv. glucose. The fasting test confirms the diagnosis. The most commonly used imaging techniques that may localize the tumor are the abdominal ult...

Aim: Chemerin, a recently discovered adipokine produced by the adipose tissue and liver, along with other atherosclerosis markers, was associated lately with metabolic syndrome and acts as chemoattractant for immune cells may also regulate immune cell properties. Autoimmune Hashimoto’s thyroiditis even with sTSH levels corrected to be within the normal range values may be accompanied by dyslipidemia presenting increased total-C, TG, LDL-C, and Lp(a), all of which are pote...

IntroductionIn the background of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia the insulinomas of the pancreatic beta cells may be present, but in some rare cases we fail to identify a well-defined lesion and the insulin hypersecretion is caused by nesidioblastosis, a diffuse proliferation of the pancreatic islet cells. However, the localization of the lesion is necessary for proper treatment, in certain cases finding the insulinoma is difficult and can only ...

Background: Hypothyroidism due to autoimmune thyroiditis leads to atherogenic lipid profile and metabolic changes. The formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) increases with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. Degradation of AGEs after AGEs-receptor 1-mediated intracellular uptake and renal clearance of soluble AGEs generated by certain cells like macrophages play a crucial role in the decrement of circulating AGEs level. Chemerin is an adipokine pr...

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormonal regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism exerting protection against atherosclerosis by multiple actions on the blood vessels, liver, and adipose tissues. Enhanced FGF21 production in diabetes and obesity reduces the level of LDL-C and triglycerides by suppression of hepatic SREBP-2. Hypothyroidism has also been shown to have unfavorable effects on atherogenesis and dyslipidemia. To date, the association of lipid p...

Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are heterogenous group of irreversible chemical moieties originated from non-enzymatic glycation and oxidation of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. The engagement of AGEs with their chief cellular receptor (RAGE) activates signaling pathways contributing to the progression of chronic diseases like autoimmune thyroiditis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) prevents AGE-RAGE interaction in a ...