Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Primary aldosteronism is characterized by hypertension and accounts for about 10% of hypertensive patients. Post-operative hypoaldosteronism is well documented in cases within the past 3 years of unilateral adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenomas.Case report: We present the case of a 46-year-old patient with a 10-year history of hypertension and hypokalaemia (1.9 mmol/l) with normal renal function. Serum aldosterone was high with l...

Introduction: The calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) is one of the several types of extra-osseous calcification that may occur in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). CUA is a serious disorder characterized by calcification of the arterioles that leads to ischemia and subcutaneous necrosis. The pathogenesis is poorly understood, and the optimal treatment is not known.Case report: We present the case of a 64-year-old female with ESRD on hemodia...

Introduction: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is now widely prevalent around the world, with clear evidence of increasing prevalence in many developing countries. Treatment for most people with GERD includes lifestyle changes and medication. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a mainstay therapy for all gastric acid-related diseases. Long-term use of PPIs is associated with hypomagnesaemia, hypokalemia, hypocalcaemia, osteoporosis and bone fractures, renal disease, and ot...

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is an early complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Maintaining the level of 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone concentrations in the target range reduce its associated complications (fractures and cardiovascular calcification).Aims: To examine the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation and selective vitamin D receptor agonists treatment on SHPT in CKD.Materials and methods: P...

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive disease. The gut microbiota has recently been identified as a new potential diabetes risk factor. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are organic fatty acids produced in the distal gut by bacterial fermentation of macrofibrous material that might improve T2D.Aims: To examine the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonist treatment on SCFAs, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients w...

Background: Network analysis of species abundance across different individuals suggested that the overall structure of the human gut microbiota in each individual conforms to discrete and distinct patterns defined by interactions within community members. This hypothesis was investigated using a dataset of metagenomic sequences from American, European and Japanese individuals. Multidimensional cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed that all individual sampl...

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a condition of multi-factorial origin, involving several molecular mechanisms related to the intestinal micro-biota for its development. The micro-biota able to favor systemic exposure to the lipopolysaccharides (LPS), large glycolipids derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS can cause a condition of ‘metabolic endotoxemia’ characterized by low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance.<p class="a...

Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are organic fatty acids produced in the distal gut by bacterial fermentation of macrofibrous material. SCFAs play an important role in health and disease. They may reduce the risk of inflammatory diseases, type 2 diabetes, obesity, heart disease and other conditions.Aims: to examine the effectivenessof glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 receptor agonist and prebiotic treatment on SCFAs, carbohydrate metabolism in pa...

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive disease. The gut microbiota has recently been identified as a new potential diabetes risk factor.Design: To investigate the gut microbiota composition in association with the dietary patterns in patients with different glucose tolerance we analyzed 92 patients: with normal glucose tolerance (n=48), prediabetes (n=24) and T2D (n=20). Metagenomic analysis was performed using 16Sr...

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is an adaptive process that develops in response to declining kidney function, impaired phosphate excretion, and failure to bioactivate vitamin D. The signal transduction via the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a key determinant of parathyroid gland hyperplasia.Aims: To examine the polymorphisms rs1801725 (p.Ala986Ser, G>T), rs1042636 (p.Arg990Gly, A>G), rs1801726 (p.Glu1021Gln, G>C) of ...