Endocrine Abstracts

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) causes synthesis of 90% of pro-hormone tetraiodothyronine (T4) and 10% of active triiodothyronine (T3) from thyroid gland. T3 regulates energy metabolism, thermogenesis, body temperature and normal brain development. T3 is produced from deiodination of T4 and circulating levels of T3 are regulated by deiodinases in response to body’s needs. The peripheral conversion of T<su...

During the time of puberty, thyroid hormones (THs), thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), influence growth and developmental processes by working in association with growth hormone (GH), insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-1), glucocorticoids, insulin and gonadal steroids. THs have a direct effect on GH secretion, which stimulates IGF system. It has been suggested that THs control increase in bone length through synergy with GH. This investigation determ...

Ghrelin receptor GHSR1α is expressed in hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal tissues. Ghrelin reduces GnRH secretion in pre-pubertal period and concentrations of ghrelin are positively correlated with testosterone at adulthood. Nevertheless, the role of ghrelin in affecting pituitary and gonadal functions during normal pubertal development remains elusive. A possible correlation between ghrelin and LH, FSH, testosterone and inhibin B was examined in boys (n=55...

The G protein coupled receptor of obestatin GPR39 is expressed in pituitary and gonads, indicating its possible role in regulation of pituitary and testicular function. The present study examined a possible association of obestatin with LH, FSH, testosterone, and inhibin B at puberty. Blood samples were collected from 10 to 20 years old boys (n=557) and concentrations of obestatin, LH, FSH, testosterone, and inhibib B were determined using specific ELISA. Data were an...

Ghrelin, a putative signal of insufficient energy stores, increases in fasting states, decreases postprandially, and acts as a potent appetite stimulant increasing food intake. Obestatin affects appetite, food preferences to increase daily caloric intake and weight gain. Leptin regulates body fat mass, food intake and energy expenditure. Triiodothyronine (T3) is a determinant of adiposity, thermogenesis, glucose and lipid metabolism, appetite, food intake, and the o...

The short children have lower social competence and show more social problems than children with normal stature. The physical appearance has consequences in terms of how short stature children are judged and treated by others as they can be teased or bullied due to short stature, which may affect future prospects of finding a job or a spouse. These psychosocial stressors are risk factors for the psychological adjustment for children of short stature. Stress responses are activ...

The first signs of puberty are visible around the age of 8 years in girls and 9 years in boys. If signs of puberty appear before the designated ages in girls and boys, puberty is viewed as precocious. In peripheral precocious puberty, androgens concentrations increase due to testicular tumours or congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Two mutations, R356W and Q318X, and one 8 bp deletion in CYP21A2 gene, causing CAH type of precocious puberty were examined. Blood samples were o...

Vitamin D plays a key role in the control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), acting as negative regulator of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS), whereas calcium directly affects central blood pressure (BP) control center, nucleus tractus solitarus. We investigated associations between plasma concentrations of vitamin D and calcium and BP in 100 hypertensive CVDs patients and 100 normotensive subjects of 21–60 years. Vitamin D concentrations were measured using EC...