Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Endogenous subclinical hypercortisolism occurs in 5-30% of patients with adrenal incidentalomas. Adrenal adenoma is the commonest cause of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS), while primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PBMAH) is rare. In both, ACS results from activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway. This may be triggered by ligands, other than ACTH, acting upon aberrant G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which may also control locally produced ACTH i...

Purpose: Pheochromocytomas (PCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic/parasympathetic neural ganglia, respectively. Metastatic PCs/PGLs occur in about 5-26% of cases. Their management and diagnosis still remain a challenge due to their heterogeneity, the absence of guidelines and the few prognostic tools.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe clinical and gen...

Introduction: Ephrin receptors (EPHs) compose the largest known subfamily of receptors tyrosine kinases and are bound and interact with EPHs-interacting proteins (Ephrins). They have a role in tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis of several neoplasms. Aim of the study was to investigate the expression of EPH-A4, -A5, -B2 and -B5 in pituitary lesions. Material and Methods: Our study group consisted of 18 patients (9 males with median age 54...

Introduction: Early detection of succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDH) mutations in patients with pheochromocytoma and paragaglioma (PPC/PGL) has important implications as it is associated with increased risk for malignancy. The use of negative immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for SDH subunit B, D, A (SDHB/-D/-A) has been proposed as an indicator of SDHs mutation and as an effective substitute for the high-cost genetic screening of all of these genes.M...

PurposeThere is a continuity of changes ranging from enterochromaffin‐like (ECL) cell hyperplasia to type 1 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (GNEN1) with important clinical implications. Although the effect of the circadian clock system on tumorigenesis has been addressed, the role of the peripheral clock system in the transition from ECL-cell hyperplasia to GNEN1 remains to be explored.MethodsSix patie...

Introduction: Ganglioneuromas (GNs) are rare, benign tumors, arising from neural crest cells. Their incidence amongst adrenal masses is 0.3%-6%. The majority are incidentalomas and hormonally inactive but a subset may cause compressive effects. Presentation in the context of genetic syndromes (NF1/NF2, RET, MAX, Von Hippel Lindau disease) has been reported. We present two cases of adrenal GNs: Case 1. A 31-year-old female patient who presented with a history o...

Introduction: Paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms originating from the chromaffin cells of the neural crest and projecting from the extra-adrenal paraganglia. For more than 30% of patients with paragangliomas there is a genetic predisposition. According to W.H.O. paragangliomas should be treated as potentially metastatic diseases. We describe the case of a patient with a paraganglioma and a pathogenic variant in the SDHB gene.Case Presentati...

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor occurring either sporadically or in a hereditary form that can be cured by complete resection of the tumor and any locoregional metastases, but appropriate treatment remains less clear in patients with residual or recurrent disease. Herein we report the case of a 51-year-old man that was diagnosed with bifocal right-sided medullary thyroid cancer in October 2021 after a fine needle aspiration suggestive of an MTC...

Introduction: Gastric neuroendocrine tumors (GNET) are rare gastric neoplasms which are developed due to hypergastrinemia and enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell hyperplasia. Although the effect of the circadian clock system disruption on tumorigenesis has been already studied in various malignancies and autoimmune diseases, the role of the peripheral clock system in the transition from ECL-cell hyperplasia to GNEN1 (Type 1 Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms) remains unexplored.</p...

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disorders. Endocan is a novel molecule of endothelial dysfuction which is expressed in liver. SGLT2i have been reported to improve NAFLD through amelioration of inflammation. While there are contradictory results regarding the serum endocan levels in NAFLD patients, data regarding endocan expression in liver tissue are limited. Aim: Herein, we aimed to investigat...