Endocrine Abstracts

Inflammation and dysfunction of the hypothalamus is a common feature of experimental diet-induced obesity. As in any inflammatory process, both pro- and anti-inflammatory activity is expected to take place in the hypothalamus of obese animals. Here, we test the hypothesis that consumption of a saturated fatty acid-rich diet can modulate the activity of the important immunomodulatory system of the resolvins in the hypothalamus. Swiss mice were fed for 8 or 16 weeks (w) either o...

Asia occupies 30% of the world’s landmass and contains 60% of the world’s population encompassing a wide diversity of people and demographics. It has been estimated that by 2050, half of all hip fractures in women >65 years of age will occur in Asia. Hip fracture incidence rates among women vary widely in Asian populations, from as low as 100 up to 500 per 100 000. Within the space of 1 to 3 decades in several countries, hip fracture incidence rates have risen dr...

Around 50% of patients with Graves’ disease (GD) have Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). However, only 5–10% have overt active disease which merits more than symptomatic treatment. Clearly, the best treatment is prophylaxis related to avoiding tobacco smoking and to obtain and maintain euthyroidism.Whether antithyroid drugs (ATDs), radioiodine (RAI), or thyroidectomy should be chosen for therapy of GD, whether or not there is presence of active GO,...

Management of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a challenge, and 30–50% of patients are eventually dissatisfied with medical treatment outcome. GO natural history is poorly understood, but some patients experience a progression of GO over time. Thus, prevention of development/progression by abolishing risk factors (e.g. smoking, thyroid dysfunction) is important. The recent results of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) carried out by the EUGOGO group showed that selenium (s...

The occurrence of vitamin D (vitD) insufficiency (plasma 25OHD<50 nmol/l) and deficiency (25OHD<25 nmol/l) in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) varies worldwide in prevalence, severity and symptoms. Epidemiological studies support that the clinical presentation of PHPT is more severe in patients with coexisting vitD deficiency. Most PHPT patients in Europe only have slightly decreased plasma 25OHD levels compared with gender-, age- and season matched controls, and sev...

Endocrinologists today face an ever increasing variety of presentations of thyroid cancer related to the well documented increasing frequency of thyroid cancer patients worldwide. The overwhelming majority of these tumors are small microcarcinomas with excellent prognosis for which management is quite straightforward. But many patients are seen for whom optimal steps for management are unclear, constituting therapeutic dilemmas that are typically not well addressed in current ...

There is increasing awareness that children with chronic illnesses, particularly those with glucocorticoid use and neuromuscular disorders, have the potential to develop significant bone fragility due to osteoporosis. In such cases, osteoporosis manifests as low-trauma extremity fractures, with vertebral fractures an under-recognized consequence of reduced bone strength. We have studied the Genant semi-quantitative classification for characterizing vertebral fractures in child...

Already a long time ago, the subtle adaptability of the reproductive endocrine system made it possible to elaborate a hormonal castration method for female pigs, which was based on the administration of a high-dose oestrogen (diethylstilboestrol) injection. The phenomenon was believed to be the result of a negative feedback reaction. However, this theory could not explain why more than 20% of the animals treated did not respond properly to the treatment. Therefore, the goal of...

Introduction: Marked elevation of testosterone levels can be caused by tumors with hormonal hypersecretion. However, we should be aware of the relationship between thyroid and sexual hormones, including changes of SHBG.Case report: A 48-year-old man was recommended by an urologist to endocrinological examination due to high levels of total testosterone.CT scan of abdomen, pelvis and the pituitary did not show any abnormalities....

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