Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder. The risk factors for GDM are often employed in selective screening. The impact of risk factors for GDM on newborn is yet to be fully evaluated.Objective: To determine the impact of maternal clinical risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus on the anthropometric and clinical outcomes of the newborns.Method: The study was a prospective open cohort...

Background: Type 2 DM is a disease caused by both insulin resistance and an insulin secretory defect.Reports suggest that vitamin D supplementation improves insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell function, however, there is paucity of data on vitamin D and glycaemia among type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nigeria.Objective: To determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell function i...

Background: Quantifying the body fat percentage (%BF), its scientific and clinical implications is critical to timely intervention as it has been proven to be a better measure of patient’s risk of cardiovascular diseases than the BMI. Several techniques have been developed to assess BF including imaging, DEXA, bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA), and underwater weighing. The use of anthropometric indices to derive %BF provides an inexpensive surrogate. There are very few...

Background: Besides differences in the overall prevalence between IGT and IFG, there is now clear evidence of differences in phenotype between the two categories. The most consistent and statistically significant difference is that IFG is commoner in men than women in virtually all age groups, typically being 1.5–3 times higher, but up to seven or eight times higher in Europeans aged 50–70 years. Conversely, the prevalence of IGT is higher in women than men in all ag...

Background: There is a relationship between the indices of nutriture-BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist–hip ratio (WHR) and the development of glucose intolerance.Objectives: To determine the normative values of the indices of nutriture and the inter relationship between these indices in male and female residents of a Calabar, South East Nigeria.Methods: A sample comprising 1134 subjects (645 males and 489 females) represent...

Objectives: To determine the mean and normative values of anthropometry among the inhabitants of a coastal Nigerian city.Methods: A cross sectional survey comprising 1134 subjects (645 males and 489 females) representative of the entire population of Calabar metropolis aged 15–79 was studied. A multistage sampling method was applied to select the subjects. Using a modification of WHO STEPS instrument the information obtained included anthropometric ...

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Nigerian adults has been increasing over time. A considerable number of chronic complications of DM can be adequately prevented, however, the proportion of patients presenting with chronic complications of DM in our setting is still relatively high.Objectives: This study was carried out to assess the pattern of chronic diabetic complications among patients attending the diabetic clinic of Lagos Univ...

BackgroundMedical nutrition therapy is often the initial step in the management of Prediabetes and diabetes mellitus. Postprandial glycaemia contributes significantly to the glycaemic control of patients with diabetes mellitus. The beneficial effects of soluble dietary fibre in reducing postprandial glycaemia have been established. The 2017 global burden of disease (GBD) report shows that 97.000 deaths result from low fibre intake. Despite the this, the ...

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance resulting in hyperglycaemia of variable severity, with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GDM is a risk factor for dysglycaemia in later life. The objective of the study was to determine the impact of GDM on glucose tolerance in the short term post-delivery in a cohort of women who attended the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH)Study Design: This was a pros...

Introduction: Persons with Diabetes mellitus (DM) consume more of beans (Vigna unguiculata (Linn) Walp species) in Nigeria because of its low glycaemic index (GI). The quantity of beans consumed per meal has not been adequately considered.Objective: To determine the glycaemic load (GL) of among persons with DM.Methods: Twelve consenting T2DM persons and twelve healthy participants took part in this study. Anthropometric measurement...