Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the procedure of choice in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Nodules with indeterminate cytological categories, Bethesda III and IV, pose challenges in clinical practice and are frequently submitted to diagnostic surgery. Immunohistochemistry provides complementary information to cytological findings but its reliable use on FNA samples is hampered by technical problems. CytoFoam Core (CFCS), an absorbent foam device inserted into th...

Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the diagnostic procedure of choice in the evaluation of thyroid nodules. Nodules with indeterminate cytological categories, Tir3A and Tir3B according to Italian cytological classification, pose diagnostic challenges in clinical practice and are frequently submitted to diagnostic surgery. CytoFoam Core (CF) (Diapath, Martinengo, Italy) uses an absorbent foam device inserted into the needle hub to collect the cytological sample aspirat...

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the association of insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and is strictly related to increased cardiovascular risk. Recent scientific evidence confirms that very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is a valuable treatment for patients with insulin resistance and visceral obesity. After the VLCKD phase it is essential to gradually reintroduce carbohydrates and increase calories in order to ...

Background: Obesity represents a threatening worldwide epidemic but, beyond the guidelines recommendations, its modalities of treatment in the medical community appear as variable and not clearly defined. Aim of our survey was to assess the present real-world approach to obesity management in Italy.Methods: Online anonymous survey among the 2248 members of the Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME). The survey included 8 questions about d...

Background: Overweight and obesity are an increasing concern for public health worldwide. Obesity is a chronic, progressive and relapsing disease associated with the development of several comorbidities which may improve after weight loss. The first step in the management of weight excess includes life-style modifications but, in the long-term, obesity is frequently resistant to life-style changes only. Surgical procedures and medical treatments have, therefore, been developed...

Aim: Diagnostic definition and therapeutic interventions for nodular thyroid disease represent a high healthcare cost and their consequences may have a negative impact on quality of life of patients. This guideline aims at providing a reference for the management of non-functioning, benign thyroid nodules causing local symptoms in adults outside of pregnancy. The purpose is to standardize the treatment, based on the evidence provided by the GRADE method and the expertise of a ...

Background: Thyroid nodules are the most common endocrine pathology. Due to the widespread use of imaging modalities, mostly ultrasound, the incidental finding of thyroid nodules has increased, reaching a prevalence of 50-60% in adults. Diagnostic definition and therapeutic interventions represent thus an increasing cost for health system. In patient with benign thyroid nodule causing local symptoms, hemithyroidectomy with isthmectomy or total thyroidectomy are the recommended...

Aim: This guideline (GL) is aimed at providing a reference for the management of prolactin (PRL)-secreting pituitary adenoma in non-pregnant adults.Methods: For each question, the panel identified potentially relevant outcomes, which were then rated for their impact on therapeutic choices.Results: The present GL provides recommendations about the roles of pharmacological and neurosurgical treatment for the management of prolactinom...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most common endocrine disease and the most frequent cause of hypercalcemia in outpatients with an estimated incidence of 20/100 000/year and prevalence in the general population of 0.1%–0.4%. Parathyroidectomy (PTX) is the only treatment that can achieve PHPT cure but a few medications can be used to control calcium levels, bone and kidney impairment.Aims: 1) To assess costs associated with...