Endocrine Abstracts

Polyuria polydipsia syndrome is a disorder characterized by excretion of large amounts of hypotonic urine. Three entities have to be differentiated: AVP-deficiency (central diabetes insipidus) resulting from a deficiency of the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus, AVP-resistance (nephrogenic diabetes insipidus) resulting from resistance to AVP in the kidneys and finally primary polydipsia, which involves excessive intake of large amoun...

Introduction/Background: Gender differences affect the treatment of several diseases in both male and female patients. However, the influence of gender on treatment decisions and outcome in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) has scarcely been investigated. Aims: Comparison of tumor characteristics, treatment decisions and outcome of patients with NENs, stratified by genderMaterial and Methods: Retrospective analysis of the SwissNET co...

Background: The spectrum of polyuria-polydipsia syndrome (PPS) includes diabetes insipidus (central or nephrogenic) and primary polydipsia. In clinical practice the differential diagnosis particularly of central diabetes insipidus (cDI) and primary polydipsia (PP) is often difficult. The current gold standard – the water deprivation test (WDT) with or without vasopressin (AVP) measurements – lacks reliable diagnostic accuracy. Arginine infusion is known to stimulate ...

BackgroundHyponatremia is associated with increased risk of bone fragility and fractures. In vitro studies suggest a role of hyponatremia in stimulating osteoclast activation, whereas other studies rather revealed a possible role of acute hyponatremia in impairing osteoblast function. We aimed to assess whether and how correction of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) has an impact on bone...

Background: Differential diagnosis of hyponatremia is challenging, particularly for thiazide associated hyponatremia (TAH), as patients might have either volume depletion in need for fluid substitution or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD)-like presentation requiring fluid restriction. Urine indices are of little utility, because they are influenced by thiazide therapy. Apparent strong ion difference (aSID) describes the relation between sodium, potassium and chlori...

Introduction: Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder encountered in clinical practice and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, including an increased risk for osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Preclinical studies suggest osteoclast upregulation whereas a clinical study showed improved osteoblast fuction after hyponatremia normalization in hospitalized patients with SIAD.Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a double-...

Introduction/ Background: Typical (TC) and atypical carcinoids (AC) are the most common neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the lung. Being a rare disease, the management of these tumors varies widely among Swiss centers. The impact of guidelines introduced in 2015 is unknown.Aims: Comparison of the management of Swiss patients before and after the publication of the expert consensus of the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) in 2015.<p class="...

Context: Hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a very common condition in hospitalized patients. It is crucial to establish the cause of SIADH especially in order to exclude or detect an underlying malignancy. As SIADH can be caused by paraneoplastically produced arginine vasopressin (AVP), we hypothesized that its stable surrogate marker copeptin may be used as a diagnostic tool.Methods: We analyzed ...

Introduction: The Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIADH) is the predominant cause of hyponatremia and its therapy options are unsatisfying. SGLT2-inhibitors have become a valuable treatment option for type 2 diabetes by increasing glucose excretion in the urine with concomitant osmotic diuresis. We therefore hypothesized that SGLT2-inhibitors could be a novel treatment option for SIADH.Material and methods: We included 14 healthy volunteers in th...

Introduction: Onset of hyperkalemia has previously been reported during the administration of hypertonic resuscitation solutions. Since the hypertonic saline infusion test has recently been validated for the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus, we aimed to investigate the course of plasma potassium levels during the test.Material and Methods: Data of 144 patients undergoing osmotic stimulation with hypertonic saline infusion at 11 tertiary medical centres in...