Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Sex steroids probably stimulate growth-hormone secretion during puberty, which in turn contributes to the development of gender specific body characteristics. Hypothetically, adequate growth hormone levels in transgender persons are also important to achieve the best therapeutic results. The influence of cross-sex hormone treatment (CHT) at growth-hormone production in adult transgender persons is not yet elucidated.Objective: To investigate ...

Background: Concerns about the effects of gender affirming hormonal treatment (HT) on bone mineral density (BMD) exists, particularly for transmen with decreasing estrogen levels. HT in transpersons affects BMD on short term, but long-term follow-up studies are lacking. Therefore this study aimed to investigate the change in BMD during the first 10 years of HT in adult transwomen and transmen, in order to determine whether it is necessary to assess BMD during HT.<p class="...

ContextContamination of collected blood samples by application of testosterone gel near the venipuncture site can cause spuriously elevated serum testosterone concentrations. Often this will be detected only in case of extreme discrepancies between lab result and clinical effects. Because in vitro testosterone cannot be metabolized as the testosterone in vivo we hypothesized that measuring estradiol, as a metabolite of testosterone after aromati...

Background: Transgender people often use gender-affirming hormone therapy to obtain physical characteristics that comply with their experienced gender. Transgender women use estradiol, usually with anti-androgens. Transgender men use testosterone. It has been reported that gender-affirming hormone therapy is associated with increased risk of acute cardiovascular events, however, this data constitutes largely of low quality evidence. We aimed to investigate the long-term incide...

Introduction: Testosterone is known to have an effect on hematocrit levels, with polycythemia as an unwanted side effect. An increase in hematocrit levels is also seen in transmen after starting cross-sex hormonal treatment (CHT) with testosterone. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of cross-sex hormonal treatment with testosterone on hematocrit levels in the context of the safety aspects of this treatment. The prevalence, determinants and outcome of secondary ...

Introduction: Estrogen has positive effects on bone mineral density (BMD), in particular in trabecular bone through inhibition of bone resorption. Testosterone increases bone size, but the effect on BMD is less clear. Cross-sex hormonal treatment (CSHT) in transgender individuals can affect BMD. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate effects of CSHT on BMD during the first year of treatment in male-to-female (MtFs) and female-to-male (FtMs) transgender persons....

Background: Persistent vaginal bleeding can be psychologically stressful and incongruent with gender identity in transgender men (assigned female at birth with male gender identity). Previous studieshave cross-sectionally described amenorrhea in cohorts of transgender men on intramuscular or subcutaneous testosterone injections. It remains uncertain which testosterone preparations most effectively suppress vaginal bleeding and when amenorrhea occurs after testosterone initiati...

Introduction: Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is strongly related to multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia. Hormonal therapy (HT) in trans persons affects total body fat and body fat distribution, but the effect on VAT and its relation to changes in lipids is unknown. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of one year HT on changes in VAT and its relation with changes in total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides after one year of HT.</...

Background: Transpersons can receive gender affirming hormone therapy (HT) to induce physical changes. Little is known about the effect of HT on breast cancer (BC) risk.Objectives: To study the prevalence and characteristics of BC in transpersons with HT and to compare this prevalence with the general Dutch male and female population.Methods: Adult transpersons who were seen after 1991 and started HT in the VUmc were included. This...

Objective: The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of gender affirming hormone therapy in transgender persons on calcium and phosphate concentrations and their regulatory hormones.Design: A prospective cohort studyMethods: This study investigated changes in calcium and phosphate concentrations and their regulatory hormones in trans women and trans men during the first year of hormone therapy. Trans women received est...