Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Octylphenol (OP) is a degradation product of alkylphenol ethoxylates that are widely used to in rubber, pesticides and paints. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic compound with two functional phenol groups and used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, along with other applications. OP and BPA are known as endocrine disruptors that can induce inappropriate estrogenic action, and may disturb natural calcium metabolism. In the present study, the effects of OP...

Prostate cancer have been most cause of cancer death to men in recent, but there are not effective treatments for this cancer. In growth of prostate cancer, steroid hormones such as androgen play a role in their growth and survival. However, endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) intend to bind the hormone receptor and induce the abnormal hormone response. EDCs have potency to activate estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) mediated signaling pathways, and they cause...

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease characterized by de novo development of concurrent hypertension, proteinuria and oxidative stress in placenta. Hypoxia occurs during the development of placenta in the first trimester and is implicated in trophoblast differentiation. The oxidative stress, resulting from deficient remodeling of spiral arteries, is an important inducer of preeclampsia. The potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchangers including NC...

Background: In addition to its normal spectrum of metabolic effects, insulin has been identified as a growth factor capable of promoting mitogenic activities. Thus, hyperinsulinemia, a consequence of insulin resistance, is regarded as a potential risk factor for the development of cancer in patients with diabetes. However, the mechanism of action of insulin in prostate cancer has not yet been completely elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether insulin can d...

Background: IGF1R targeting emerged in recent years as a promising therapeutic approach in prostate cancer (PCa). The insulin receptor (IR) shares high structure homology with the IGF1R and activates similar signaling cascades. In recent studies we have shown that insulin’s mitogenic activities in PCa cells are mediated via the IR. Given the central role of IR in regulation of metabolism, most anti-IGF1R therapeutic strategies were designed to specifically inhibit IGF1R, ...

Objective: Acromegaly is a rare disease with multiple serious comorbidities. The aim of this study was to gather information on patients diagnosed with Acromegaly from 1955 through 2010.Materials and methods: Information on patients with pituitary adenomas diagnosed from 1950 has aldready been gathered and and imported to patient journals at the National University Hospital in Iceland. In this retrospective study information on patients diagnosed with Ac...

Introduction: Hypothalamic damage in craniopharyngiomas (CP) is associated with poor functional outcome. Data on quality of life (QoL) in CP on complete hormone replacement, including GH, is missing. The aim of this study was to assess QoL and neurocognitive function in childhood onset (CO) CP on complete hormone substitution.Methods and design: Forty-two (20 women) patients, aged ≥17 years were recruited from the South Medical Region of Sweden (po...

Introduction: The incidence of hyperthyroidism is influenced by iodine nutrition. Sweden is a long-term iodine sufficient (IS) area with an iodination fortification program since 1936.Methods: In 2003–2005, all referred cases of subclinical (SH) and overt hyperthyroidism (OH) were registered from a targeted population of 631239 individuals in Gothenburg. Information on age, gender, etiology, smoking, thyroid associated ophtalmopathy (TAO), thyroid h...

Under non-stressed conditions adrenal glucocorticoid (GC) secretion shows strong circadian rhythms with blood levels peaking around wake-up time (i.e. in the morning in humans and at the beginning of the night in nocturnal rodents). These diurnal variations are primarily regulated by rhythmic activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and the secretion of ACTH from the pituitary. While circadian HPA axis activity is ultimately controlled by the circa...

Aim of the current glucocorticoid treatment strategies in patients with classic types of CAH due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency is to replace the lack of cortisol (substitution) and, secondly, to suppress excess adrenal androgen production by restoring the negative feedback on ACTH release (suppression).In adolescence, besides adequate substitution, achieving normal puberty and menstrual cycle, preventing hyperandrogenism (hirsutism) and prevention of the ...