Endocrine Abstracts

Majority of prolactinomas consists of the small microadenomas that can be treated with dopamine agonists, but they can present different biological behavior features and not infrequently seen as macroadenomas or in giant adenoma size. There are different results on finding of studies which investigate the relationship between high levels of cell proliferation indicators with tumor behavior in pituitary adenomas. In this study, Ki 67 index to investigate the relationship betwee...

Background: Genetic variants of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene have been reported to be associated with vascular disease. We hypothesized that G894T polymorphism might trigger many of the endocrine-metabolic cognitive changes related to aging.Study design: One hundred and eighty subjects aged 55–80+ years with moderately cognitive impairment (MCI) (MMSE<28) (lot 1), 140 age-matched subjects without cognitive impairment (MMSE&#...

Objective: To compare metabolic characteristics of women with different phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on Rotterdam criteria.Materials and methods: One thousand one hundred women with PCOS, aged 17–40, were recruited. The patients were divided into four subgroups according to the phenotype of PCOS defined by Rotterdam criteria: (A): oligo- and/or anovulation (Oligo), hyperandrogenism (HA), polycystic ovaries (PCO); (B): oligo+ H...

Introduction: Prolonged therapy (≥ 3 months) with high-dose corticosteroids (≥ 7.5 mg Prednisolone or 1–1.5 mg Dexamethasone daily) can result in adrenal atrophy and secondary adrenal failure. Abrupt withdrawal of corticosteroids after prolonged use can lead to adrenal insufficiency, corticosteroid withdrawal symptoms or a relapse of the initial disease. A safe flexible management plan is required for each patient. We illustrate with two cases.<p class="ab...

Introduction: Vasopression-2 receptor antagonists (VPAs) have been licensed for the treatment of hyponatraemia secondary to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). As usage extends to other causes of hyponatraemia, over-rapid correction and hypernatraemia remains as important side-effect. We present a patient with severe SIADH highlighting the need for guidance and vigilance when using these potent drugs.Case: A 82-year-old lady...

Introduction: Myxodedema coma comprises a complex endocrinological emergency whereby there is severe clinical hypothyroid state. It is a life threatening yet a potentially reversible condition that may prove rather difficult to recognise due to the complex symptomatology. Very few articles report the specific therapy for myxoedema coma.The case: Here we present an elderly lady with previous total thyroidectomy, who despite receiving oral thyroxin tablets...

Numerous hormonal and metabolic disorders caused by thyrotoxicosis lead to serious complications, so early diagnosis and adequate treatment becomes very important in warning of functional and organic changes in several organ systems, particularly in the structure of bone tissue.The aim was study of the effectiveness of calcium and alendronate for prevention and treatment of BMD losing in experimental models of thyreotoxicosis.Mater...

Aim: To minimize the duration of vitamin-D insufficiency, current treatment regimes are initiated with an oral bolus dose of cholecalciferol. We have previously developed an algorithm (# Dekristol caps/Vigantol ml =(80 nmol/l – initial [s-25-OH-d-vit])/7 nmol/l) for determining the dosage of this bolus, aimed at reaching a serum 25-OH vitamin-D of 80 nmol/l. Our main aim was to investigate the accuracy of this algorithm.Materials: A retrospective st...

Hyponatraemia is the most common electrolyte abnormality, encountered in up to 30% of inpatients. Inappropriate management can have serious implications for patients; including demyelinating disease, coma, and death.Methods: Patients (n=100) admitted to the medical admission unit of a district general hospital with a serum sodium (Na) <130 were selected for the study. All details including patient demographics, blood biochemistry, date of admi...

Some studies reports the high prevalence of unsuspected hypercortisolism in high-risk populations.Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of undiagnosed hypercortisolism in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), adrenal incidentaloma and obesity.Material and methods: We prospectively evaluated 30 DM patients (8 male, 22 female, 53.5 years old (18; 73), HbA1c-7.1% (5.6; 13.8)), 22 patients with adrenal incidentaloma (6 male, 16 female, 53.5 ...