Endocrine Abstracts

Lipodystrophy syndromes are rare heterogeneous disorders characterized by deficiency of adipose tissue, and, frequently associated, but not always, to severe metabolic abnormalities including diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. With the exception of HIV-associated lipodystrophy, the other distinct subtypes of lipodystrophy are very infrequent, so they are considered rare diseases. Lipodystrophy is classified as genetic or acquired and by the distribution of fat loss, which can...

Introduction: Alemtuzumab is a humanized anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of relapsing−remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Through an immune reconstitution mechanism, it leads to thyroid autoimmunity in 35% of cases, with Graves’ disease (GD) being the most common presentation. Alemtuzumab-induced GD exhibits distinctive clinical and immunological features, with rarely reported cases of fluctuating thyroid status with documented both blockin...

Introduction: The effects of long-term replacement therapy of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) are still a matter of debate. Glucocorticoid (GC) replacement regimens do not completely mimic the endogenous hormonal production and their monitoring is sometimes difficult. Therefore, some patients are exposed to mild GC excess with potential complications, such as hypertension, diabetes, and skeletal fragility. Data on bone mineral density (BMD) in PAI is still scarce and contr...

Introduction: Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a heterogeneous disease characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and parathyroid hormone resistance. The distinct pseudohypoparathyroidism types are distinguished by physical features, the coexistence of other hormone resistances and genetic defects. Pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib is more often associated with sporadic cases, unlike others types.Clinical Case: Male, born in France, diagnosed with pseudo...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DK) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). We performed a case review of DK patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of our Hospital between 1 June 2012 and 30 June 2016. A demographic analysis was made, time of DM evolution, the therapy and the factors that led to its decompensation. Thus, a total of 42 DK patients were admitted to the ICU in the referred period, mean age was 45 years, a clear predominance of femal...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). We describe 2 cases of type-2 diabetic patients admitted by a surgical reason/trauma in which DM control was neglected. We present a 74-year-old patient with poor metabolic control (HbA1c 7,6%) treated with metphormin, sitagliptin and glibenclamide, admitted for orthopaedic surgery. During hospitalization, there were noted several episodes of disorientation with hyperglycae...

Introduction: Postpartum infarction of the anterior pituitary, known as Sheehan’s syndrome, is a rare cause of hypopituitarism. In many cases, the hormones deficiency is sequential which implies late diagnoses.Case Report 1: A 51-year-old woman was observed because her mother had medullary thyroid carcinoma. She had no evidence of endocrine neoplasia. Nevertheless, she was experiencing fatigue, hair loss and dry skin for several months. Her history ...

Introduction: Male hypogonadism is defined by lower levels of testosterone than expected for age-matched individuals. In primary or hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, LH and FSH show a compensatory elevation to low testosterone levels, while in the secondary or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism the low testosterone levels are a result of insufficient gonadotropin levels. Hyperprolactinemia is a cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. It is not only caused by lactotroph adenomas (prol...

We describe the case of a 69-year-old woman with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas identified in CT-scan: on the right, a 57 mm heterogeneous mass with <10 Hounsfield units(HU) with absolute washout of 16%; on the left a 13 mm mass with 35UH, intense contrast enhancement but washout of 66%. She had a recent onset of diabetes, hypertension, androgenic alopecia and facial hair. The systolic blood pressure remained persistently >160 mmHg despite receiving four antihyperten...

Introduction: Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors whose malignancy is defined by the presence of metastases that may appear several years later. The appropriate follow-up time remains uncertain.Clinical Case: We present the case of a woman with a history of pheochromocytoma who underwent complete resection at 48 years old. The genetic evaluation was negative for mutations on RET, VHL, SDHB or SDHD genes. At 66 years old, a thoracic vertebral...