Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Familial glucocorticoid deficiency (FGD) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from resistance to the action of ACTH on the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids. Affected individuals are deficient in cortisol and, if untreated, are likely to succumb to hypoglycemia or overwhelming infection in infancy or childhood. Mutations of the ACTH receptor (melanocortin 2 receptor, MC2R) or the melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP), FGD types 1 & 2 ...

FGD is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from resistance to the action of ACTH on the adrenal cortex to stimulate glucocorticoid production. The disease is caused by mutations in ACTHR or MC2R in 25% of cases, termed FGD type 1, and has previously been linked to a locus on chromosome 8q12.2-21.2 in a single family with FGD type 2. We have recently described a novel gene (FGD2) that when defective is a second cause of FGD. Sequencing of this gene in 100 FGD2 patients ha...

Expression of the ACTH receptor (MC2R), a 7 transmembrane GPCR, has been difficult to achieve in cell lines that are not of adrenal origin. Heterologous expression of this gene in many cell lines (CHO, Hela, H295R, HEK293) produces a protein that is trapped in the ER, suggesting that an accessory factor(s) might be necessary to traffic MC2R through the cell. We recently identified such an accessory factor, MRAP that rescues MC2R expression in some, but not all, cell lines. Mut...

Familial Glucocorticoid Deficiency (FGD) [OMIM #202200] is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from resistance to the action of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) on the adrenal cortex to stimulate glucocorticoid production. It has previously been linked to mutations in the ACTH receptor (ACTHR) [FGD type 1] and a locus on chromosome 8q, but 70% of cases have no known cause. The aim of this study was to identify additional loci and genes for FGD using a linkage mapping strategy....