Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Klotho was first identified as a gene involved in aging. A recent publication identified klotho as a possible tumour suppressor in breast cancer. We have previously reported decreased expression of klotho in tumours of primary hyperparathyroidism, here we have investigated whether klotho expression is silenced by CpG methylation of the promoter region.Materials and methods: Methylation status of klotho was determined by MSP in 40 parathyroid ...

In March 2006 a 64-year-old farmer complained of a 3-month-history of bilateral enlargement of the breasts, occasionally with blood in the urine. A brother had died in testis cancer at the age of 30. Blood samples from the present patient demonstrated very high plasma values of β-human chorion gonadotropin (β-hCG), estradiol and testosterone. He was on no drugs. The patient was referred to an endocrinologist. Physical examination demonstrated a moderate bilateral gyn...

Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have lower health related quality of life (HRQL) and more symptoms of anxiety and depression than women without PCOS, where a higher BMI is positively correlated to both lower HRQL and more symptoms of anxiety and depression. Studies on women with PCOS and severe obesity regarding symptoms of anxiety and depression are lacking.Aims: To examine if women with severe obesity and PCOS have lower HRQL an...

Klotho (KL) is a type-I-membrane protein required for FGF23 to bind FGFR1 and modulate mineral ion homeostasis. Loss of either KL or FGF23 results in severe mineralisation defects. We recently found that membrane KL is expressed in osteoblasts and osteocytes, which are major sites of FGF23 syntheses. To investigate the role of bone-specific KL in mineral ion homeostasis and the progression of bone mineralisation defects in chronic kidney disease, we generated a mouse strain wi...

Thyroid stunning means reduced radioiodine uptake in thyroid tissue or tumour following a diagnostic 131I test dose. This may compromise subsequent 131I radiotherapy. Recently, we found that 131I inhibits iodide uptake in cultured thyroid cells at non-lethal absorbed doses. Here, we have investigated whether 131I irradiation affects the TSH-stimulated transcription of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) gene, and whether insulin-like g...

In human prostate, Oestrogen receptor α (ERα) expression in the epithelium increases with tumour Grade and promotes proliferation involving classical genomic and rapid non-genomic signalling, as well as transcription regulation of non-coding RNA. Similarly, in the tumour stroma there is up-regulation of ERα, corresponding with declining AR, resulting in a higher ratio of ERα:AR with increasing Grade. Additionally, in prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts (...

Lactation is a hormonally controlled process that promotes infant growth and development and reduces the long-term maternal risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. Hormones, such as prolactin and progesterone, mediate mammary development during pregnancy and are critical for initiating copious milk secretion during postpartum days 1-4. However, the hormone concentrations and mechanisms mediating lactation onset during this period of secretory activation are...

The discovery that mutations in fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) cause autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets transformed our understanding of phosphate homeostasis in health and disease (White et al. Nat Genet 2000). Since then, the critical role of FGF23 in mineral metabolism in chronic kidney disease has been established (Larsson et al. Kidney Int 2003; Gutierrez et al. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005). Elevated FGF23 has ...

Background: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene controls the fatty acid metabolism pathway in the human body (Sergeant et al., 2012). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in FADS1 gene and percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids inserum lipids was associated (Klingel et al., 2018). Genetically predisposition to higher plasma arachidonic and stearic acid levels were associated with incidence oflarge-artery stroke and venous thromboembolism...