Endocrine Abstracts

The introduction of PCSK9 inhibitors has changed the paradigm of dyslipidemia treatment. These monoclonal antibodies produce an incremental LDL reduction of about 60% add-on current therapy. Achieving LDL concentrations below 40 mg/dl is usual. The recent publication on the effect of very low LDL concentrations on atherosclerotic plaque burden (Glagov study) and on cardiovascular outcomes (Fourier and Spire) show the impact of this therapy in cardiovascular prevention. In the ...

Introduction: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a rare endocrine emergency with less described entity being its subacute/non-acute presentation. Incidence of PA is difficult to determine, varying 2%-12% of pituitary adenoma. Hypopituitarism in PA is observed in up to 70% of cases with diabetes Insipidus (DI) observed in <5% of cases and mostly transient.Case description: 82-year old female with pituitary macroprolactinoma (1.5 cm) presented with 3-week hist...

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by partial or total deficiency of insulin resulting in derangement of carbohydrate metabolism and a decrease in the activity of glycogenic enzymes resulting in depletion of liver and muscle glycogen. Accordingly, this study assessed the influence of OA on two key glycogenic enzymes of skeletal muscle and liver tissues in STZ-induced diabetic rats. We have, however, reported that the anti-hyperglycaemic effects of Syzygium aromaticum de...

We have reported that the anti-hyperglycaemic effects of Syzygium cordatum leaf triterpene mixtures (oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats are mediated in part via increased hepatic glycogen synthesis. To further elucidate the mechanism(s) of the hypoglycaemic effects of the triterpene, this study investigated the effects of plant derived OA on glycogenic enzyme activities in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Pure OA was obtained f...

Available evidence suggests that Syzygium spp ethyl acetate extract solubles (EAS) contain triterpene constituents; oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA) and methyl maslinate with hypoglycaemic properties. The effects of maslinic acid (MA) on blood glucose in type 1 diabetes mellitus are, however, unclear. Accordingly, we evaluated anti-hyperglycaemic effects of MA in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, an experimental model for type 1 diabetes. Extraction and fractio...

Chloroquine, the commonly used in the treatment of malaria has been reported to elicit adverse effects such as hypoglycaemia through unknown mechanisms. In particular, literature to date has revealed that the effects of the drug on insulin concentrations remain obscure. Our investigation therefore focuses on establishing a possible mechanism of CHQ-induced hypoglycaemia with regards to its effects on plasma insulin concentrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate t...

Background: Achievement of blood pressure (BP) control is an important target in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complication. T2DM patients are characterized by endothelial dysfunction, which represents a key mechanism for the development of atherosclerotic disease.Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a nutritional and dietary counseling on BP control and endothelial dysfunction in T2DM.<...

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is prevalent in modern societies, this pathogenesis is not yet well understood.Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate circulating levels of adiponectine (Apn) and the relationship between these levels and anthropometric and metabolic parameters.Methods: The study included 40 women, 20 with AN (BMI 15.7±2.1 kg/m2, age 30.2±10.5 years), 12 restricter (BMI 14.9±1.6 kg/m<su...

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity are prevalent in modern societies.This study evaluate circulating levels of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and of Peptide Tyrosine-Tyrosine (PYY) in 60 women: 20 affected by AN (Body Mass Index=BMI 15.74±2.09 kg/m2, age 30.19±10.52 years), 10 restricter (BMI 14.89±1.64 kg/m2) and 10 binge-purge subtype (BMI 18.27±0.81 kg/m2); 20 affected by severe Obesity (BMI>...

Available evidence suggests that Syzygium spp ethyl acetate solubles (EAS) contain triterpene mixtures (oleanolic/ursolic acid and methyl maslinate/methyl corosolate) with hypoglycaemic properties in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Accordingly, maslinic acid (MA) was isolated from S. aromaticum. Air-dried powdered flower buds of S. aromaticum were sequentially extracted thrice at 24 h intervals with 3 litres on each occasion of hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetat...