Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: A breech presentation occurs in 3–5% of all full-term pregnancies and is associated with increased risk of maternal and foetal morbidity. Factors known to increase the risk of breech presentation include prematurity, low birth weight and multiple pregnancies. Recent studies suggest maternal thyroid hormone deficiency in late pregnancy may also be a risk factor. Our study aims to assess if a breech presentation at 36 weeks gestation in a healthy singleton coh...

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism is common in pregnancy affecting about 5% of all pregnant women, and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is a general consensus that subclinical hypothyroidism detected during pregnancy should be treated with L-thyroxine (Stagnaro-green et al. 2011, DeGroot et al. 2012). However, it is unclear whether the treatment should be limited only during the pregnancy or continued long-term. Therefo...

Introduction: Iodine is important for thyroid hormone synthesis, and iodine deficiency in pregnancy may impair foetal neurological development. Perchlorate, found in some foods and everyday chemicals (e.g. fertilisers) and thiocyanate, which is found in cigarette smoke, decrease the transport of iodine from the circulation to the thyroid cells by inhibiting the sodium-iodide symporter. Environmental exposure to these substances during pregnancy may result in reduced thyroid ho...

Introduction: Iodine is important for thyroid hormone synthesis, and iodine deficiency in pregnancy may impair foetal neurological development. Perchlorate, found in some foods and everyday chemicals (e.g. fertilisers) and thiocyanate, which is found in cigarette smoke, decrease the transport of iodine from the circulation to the thyroid cells by inhibiting the sodium-iodide symporter. Environmental exposure to these substances during pregnancy may result in reduced thyroid ho...

Introduction: Stimulated serum C-peptide (sCP) during a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) is the gold standard measure of endogenous insulin secretion in Type 1 diabetes (T1D). However invasiveness of sampling, the need to discontinue insulin prior to testing and rapid processing of samples limits its widespread use, particularly in children. Practical alternatives would increase utility.Aims: To assess if in a MMTT: 1.It is necessary to omit insulin. 2. ...

Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM), though a rare condition in children, is increasing in the paediatric population. The British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU) reporting framework is used to understand the clinical course and epidemiology of rare diseases in children.Aim: To estimate the UK incidence of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in children aged <17 years and to compare with data collected a decade before. To characterize clinical features at diagn...

Neonatal diabetes or monogenic diabetes of infancy can manifest as a transient or permanent condition. TNDM is most commonly caused by imprinting disorders on chromosome 6q24 (TNDM1.Uniparental Isodisomy Chromosome 6, Paternal Duplication of 6q24, loss of maternal methylation). Recently it has been identified that over half of those with maternal hypomethylation at 6q24 have relaxed maternal methylation at other imprinted loci and that the majority of these patients have mutat...

Obesity is associated with the development of the metabolic syndrome, and the current epidemic of childhood obesity raises enormous concerns regarding future pandemics of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.We report preliminary data from 26 obese caucasian children (age 3.8-17.8yrs; 16 prepubertal/10 adolescents; mean Body Mass Index Standard Deviation Score (BMI SDS) +3.85 - range 2.61-6.66) who attend our paediatric obesity clinic. BMI SDS was calculated using British 1...

Background: Childhood obesity is associated with multitude of co-morbidities. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is one of the less common co-morbidities in children and young people. Severe migraine has been postulated as a further association. We report our experience of using topiramate for managing obesity associated IIH and severe persistent migraine.Cases: Case One: A 12 year old boy was referred with morbid obesity, systemic hypertension a...

Background: Monogenic obesity is generally considered to only be responsible for a small proportion of genetic obesity with the vast majority attributable to polygenic obesity. Previous studies estimate that monogenic obesity accounts for less than 5% of obesity in Caucasian populations.Aims and method: To identify prevalence and clinical characteristics of monogenic obesity, we reviewed clinical notes of 219 patients currently, or recently (within 24 mo...